PSSH使用

PSSH 简介

pssh命令是一个python编写可以在多台服务器上执行命令的工具，同时文件的并行复制，杀掉远程主机上的进程等。要使用pssh工具包，必须配置本地主机和被管理的远程主机之间ssh单向的免秘钥认证。

PSSH工具包用法

• pssh 多主机并行运行命令
• pscp 传输文件到多个hosts,特性和scp类似
• pslurp 从多台远程机器拷贝文件到本地
• pnuke kill 在远程主机上杀掉某一进程
• prsync 使用rsync协议从本地计算机同步到远程主机

参数：

 –version：查看版本
-h：主机文件列表，内容格式”[user@]host[:port]”
-H：主机字符串，内容格式”[user@]host[:port]”
-l：登录使用的用户名
-p：并发的线程数【可选】
-o：输出的文件目录【可选】
-e：错误输入文件【可选】
-t：TIMEOUT 超时时间设置，0无限制【可选】
-O：SSH的选项
-v：详细模式
-A：提示手动输入密码模式
-x：额外的命令行参数使用空白符号，引号，反斜线处理
-X：额外的命令行参数，单个参数模式，同-x
-i：每个服务器内部处理信息输出
-P：打印出服务器返回信息

PSSH配置

环境准备

操作系统：CentOS 7
实验平台：VMware Workstation 16 （不要求相同）
网络模式：NAT模式
两台主机IP分别为192.168.225.10和192.168.225.11

配置ssh免密钥认证

1.创建密钥

一直回车就行

[root@node10 ~]# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):      //密钥保存目录
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):        //输入证书保护口令，也可以直接回车
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.      //私钥存放路径
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.      //公钥存放路径
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:7380AFoGtRmzqG55ksK96PZT1d4YBYil+2m0oQqt6IE root@node10
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|        .==...   |
|        .o=*  .  |
|        o++o .   |
|       .... +    |
|      . S.o. =   |
| . . + o.= +o +  |
|E . + O.o *  . . |
|   o.*.= o    .  |
| .oo+.+.  ....   |
+----[SHA256]-----+

2.将公钥添加至远程主机中

[root@node10 ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.225.11
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host '192.168.225.11 (192.168.225.11)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:oppsZfD6Hqh1dleccvZFiBlU2INZC+isxNYGbWNqANM.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:53:10:25:4e:ae:f3:d6:a8:7f:0e:3d:fd:3e:0c:56:6f.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@192.168.225.11's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh '192.168.225.11'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

注意：这里注意将公钥也给本台主机添加一份 ，否则使用PSSH命令无法操作本台主机

[root@node10 ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.225.10
........

root@192.168.225.10's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh '192.168.225.10'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

接下来安装PSSH（yum方式）

这种安装方式需要有epel源

[root@node10 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo   //这里我安装了阿里云的epel源

[root@node10 ~]# yum install pssh -y

简单示例：

操作单台主机

1. 显示主机名

[root@node10 ~]# pssh -H "192.168.225.11" -i 'hostname'
[1] 13:02:41 [SUCCESS] 192.168.225.11    //这里显示[SUCCESS]即为成功
node11

操作多台主机

将主机IP写入文件中

显示主机名

[root@node10 ~]# vi host-list.txt
[root@node10 ~]# cat host-list.txt
192.168.225.10
192.168.225.11
[root@node10 ~]# pssh -h host-list.txt -i 'hostname'
[1] 13:06:38 [SUCCESS] 192.168.225.11
node11
[2] 13:06:39 [SUCCESS] 192.168.225.10
node10

 2.将本地的文件复制到多台远程主机

[root@node10 ~]# echo "pssh.hello" >11.txt
[root@node10 ~]# pscp.pssh -h host-list.txt 11.txt /tmp/
[1] 13:39:48 [SUCCESS] 192.168.225.11
[2] 13:39:49 [SUCCESS] 192.168.225.10
[root@node10 ~]# cat /tmp/11.txt
pssh.hello


[root@node11 ~]# cat /tmp/11.txt
pssh.hello
[root@node11 ~]#

将远程主机文件复制到本地

将远端主机/etc/passwd文件复制到本地/test目录

[root@node10 ~]# pslurp -h host-list.txt -L /test /etc/passwd ./
[1] 13:47:39 [SUCCESS] 192.168.225.11
[2] 13:47:40 [SUCCESS] 192.168.225.10
[root@node10 ~]# cd /test
[root@node10 test]# ls
192.168.225.10  192.168.225.11
[root@node10 test]# cd 192.168.225.10
[root@node10 192.168.225.10]# ls
passwd
[root@node10 192.168.225.10]# cd
[root@node10 ~]#

批量结束远程进程

结束http服务

[root@node10 ~]# pnuke -h host-list.txt httpd