linux 进程内存分析工具,linux 内存检测工具之memleak
概述
MemLeak 是一个C语言内存泄漏检测工具。 原理是利用 C 语言的宏调用来替代原有的函数调用， memleak 维护了一个链表，在这个链表中保存着程序中对内存函数
调用的记录，这些函数包括：malloc、calloc、realloc、free。
接口声明(对外)
memleak.h代码如下：
/***************************************************************************
memleak.h: Redirects calls to the functions defined in memleak.c
Copyright (c) 2005, 2008 Stanislav Maslovski.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*************************************************************************
Include this file into the module you want to debug for memory leaks.
IMPORTANT:
==========
If you do not want to catch ramdom segfaults make sure that this file gets
included in _every_ module which uses malloc(), free() and friends.
Only if you know that the blocks allocated in a particular module will never
be freed or reallocated in any other module you may include this file only in
that module. For additional information see memleak.c
*/
#ifndef H_MEMLEAK_H
#define H_MEMLEAK_H
/* this makes sure that stdlib.h gets included before our macros */
#include
extern char *dbg_file_name;
extern unsigned long dbg_line_number;
#define CHK_FREED 1
#define CHK_ALLOC 2
#define CHK_ALL (CHK_FREED | CHK_ALLOC)
extern void *dbg_malloc(size_t size);
extern void *dbg_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
extern void *dbg_calloc(size_t num, size_t size);
extern void dbg_free(void *ptr);
extern void dbg_init(int history_length);
extern int dbg_check_addr(char *msg, void *ptr, int opt);
extern void dbg_mem_stat(void);
extern void dbg_zero_stat(void);
extern void dbg_abort(char *msg);
extern void dbg_heap_dump(char *keyword);
extern void dbg_history_dump(char *keyword);
extern void dbg_catch_sigsegv(void);
#define FILE_LINE dbg_file_name = __FILE__, dbg_line_number = __LINE__
#define malloc(s) (FILE_LINE, dbg_malloc(s))
#define realloc(p, s) (FILE_LINE, dbg_realloc(p, s))
#define calloc(n, s) (FILE_LINE, dbg_calloc(n, s))
#define free(p) (FILE_LINE, dbg_free(p))
#define dbg_init(n) (FILE_LINE, dbg_init(n))
#define dbg_check_addr(m, p, o) (FILE_LINE, dbg_check_addr(m, p, o))
#define dbg_mem_stat() (FILE_LINE, dbg_mem_stat())
#define dbg_zero_stat() (FILE_LINE, dbg_zero_stat())
#define dbg_abort(m) (FILE_LINE, dbg_abort(m))
#define dbg_heap_dump(k) (FILE_LINE, dbg_heap_dump(k))
#define dbg_history_dump(k) (FILE_LINE, dbg_history_dump(k))
#define dbg_catch_sigsegv() (FILE_LINE, dbg_catch_sigsegv())
#ifdef WITH_DBG_STRDUP
/* this makes sure that string.h gets included before our macros */
#include
extern char *dbg_strdup(const char *s);
extern char *dbg_strndup(const char *s, size_t n);
#define strdup(s) (FILE_LINE, dbg_strdup(s))
#define strndup(s, n) (FILE_LINE, dbg_strndup(s, n))
#endif
#endif
通过定义的struct head 链表接口体来记录所有内存申请来源(文件，行数，大小),dbg_heap_dump()有可以打印出所有内存的分配情况.
memleak源码
测试代码
example.c代码如下：
#include
#include
#include
#include "memleak.h"
int main()
{
void *a,*b,*c;
char *s;
dbg_init(10);
dbg_catch_sigsegv();
a = malloc(1000);
b = malloc(30);
a = realloc(a, 150);
c = calloc(90, 3);
b = realloc(b, 0);
malloc(0);
calloc(0, 10);
realloc(0, 10);
realloc(a, 0);
free(0);
s = strdup("A string.");
s = strndup(s, 5);
puts(s);
dbg_mem_stat();
dbg_heap_dump("");
return 0;
}
编译运行
直接make生成example，运行即可查看所有内存的分配使用情况，也可修example.c文件测试代码，对自己的程序进行验证内存问题.