iOS开发基础-UITextView&UITextField
谭学名
//UITextView 文本显示滚动试图，既可以显示文字，也可以编辑文字 继承自UIScrollView 是一个滚动试图
//这个空间带有 UIScrollView中的方法 属性以及 Label中的一些方法和属性
UITextView *textView = [[UITextView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 300, 400)];
textView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
textView.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:33];
textView.text = @"默认";
textView.textColor = [UIColor greenColor];
//隐藏 横竖滚动条
textView.showsHorizontalScrollIndicator = NO;
textView.showsVerticalScrollIndicator = NO;
UITextField
//用于用户输入文本信息（类似于C scanf）的UI视图
- (void)viewDidLoad //一般情况下只被调用一次
{
[super viewDidLoad];
//代码写在这里
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
//视图控件的添加写在下面
//创建一个UITextField实例,(文本框),如果没有后续人为处理的话，不支持多行显示.
UITextField *textField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 30, 300,50)];
//设置文本框的边框风格,设置为圆角矩形边框风格，默认风格为UITextBorderStyleNone
textField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;
/*
UITextBorderStyleNone,
UITextBorderStyleLine,
UITextBorderStyleBezel,
UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect //圆角
*/
//设置文本框的文字字体
textField.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:18];
//文本框默认的提示文字，在我们真正输入文字时消失
textField.placeholder = @"请输入内容";
//YES,文字内容会显示成暗文 ,默认为NO,一般将文本框作为输入密码用途的时候，设置此属性
textField.secureTextEntry = YES;
//文本框文本内容的竖直方向的对齐方式,设置为竖直方向居中显示
textField.contentVerticalAlignment =
UIControlContentVerticalAlignmentCenter;
//设置清除按钮的显示,默认为UITextFieldViewModeNever
textField.clearButtonMode =UITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing;
/*
UITextFieldViewModeNever,
UITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing,
UITextFieldViewModeUnlessEditing,
UITextFieldViewModeAlways
*/
//当开始输入的时候清除里面的内容
field.text = @"默认内容";
field.clearsOnBeginEditing = YES;
textField.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
//设置了borderStyle 背景图片无效果
text.background = [UIImage imageNamed:@"textfield"];
对键盘相关的设置---在项目开发中比较常用
//设置键盘的样式keyboardType属性
//纯数字键盘
textField.keyboardType = UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad;
/*
UIKeyboardTypeDefault,
UIKeyboardTypeASCIICapable,
UIKeyboardTypeNumbersAndPunctuation,
UIKeyboardTypeURL,
UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad,//数字键盘
UIKeyboardTypePhonePad,
UIKeyboardTypeNamePhonePad,
UIKeyboardTypeEmailAddress,//邮箱
UIKeyboardTypeDecimalPad
UIKeyboardTypeTwitter
UIKeyboardTypeWebSearch
UIKeyboardTypeAlphabet = UIKeyboardTypeASCIICapable,
*/
//设置键盘右下角的返回按钮的样式,利用returnKeyType属性,根据不用的使用情景，设置不同的返回按钮样式
textField.returnKeyType = UIReturnKeyGo;
/*
UIReturnKeyDefault,
UIReturnKeyGo,
UIReturnKeyGoogle,
UIReturnKeyJoin,
UIReturnKeyNext,
UIReturnKeyRoute,
UIReturnKeySearch,
UIReturnKeySend,
UIReturnKeyYahoo,
UIReturnKeyDone,
UIReturnKeyEmergencyCall,
UIReturnKeyContinue NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0),
*/
//让textField成为第一响应者,textField会自动将它的键盘调出来.
[textField becomeFirstResponder];
textField.delegate = self;
}
//不常用 改变键盘样式
textField.keyboardAppearance = UIKeyboardAppearanceDark;
/*
UIKeyboardAppearanceDefault,
UIKeyboardAppearanceDark
UIKeyboardAppearanceLight
UIKeyboardAppearanceAlert = UIKeyboardAppearanceDark, // D
*/
UIView *view = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 40, 40)];
左侧头试图 用于调制光标开始位置
textField.leftView = view;
textField.leftViewMode = UITextFieldViewModeAlways;
view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
/*
UITextFieldViewModeNever,
UITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing,
UITextFieldViewModeUnlessEditing,
UITextFieldViewModeAlways
*/
// textField.rightView
//设置第一响应者 textField会进入编辑状态 键盘自动弹起
[textField becomeFirstResponder];
//注销第一响应者
[textField resignFirstResponder];
键盘顶部添加视图
UIView *headView = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 40)];
headView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
//自定义键盘
//textField.inputView = headView;
//二级键盘
textField.inputAccessoryView = headView;
---UITextFieldDelegate---
//textField已经开始编辑 开始编辑的时候会调用一次
- (void)textFieldDidBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField{
NSLog(@"已经开始编辑");
textField.background = [UIImage imageNamed:@"textfield_hl"];
}
//textField已经结束编辑
- (void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField{
NSLog(@"已经结束编辑");
textField.background = [UIImage imageNamed:@"textfield"];
}
- (BOOL)textFieldShouldClear:(UITextField *)textField{
//默认YES 可以清空textField里的内容
return YES;
}
//键盘右下角的reture能否被点击
- (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField{
//取消第一响应者 收起键盘
// [textField resignFirstResponder];
//收起键盘
[self.view endEditing:YES];
return YES;
}
******************************************************
// ViewController.m
// 总结-UITextField
#pragma mark - 系统的textField的基础属性
- (void)createTextField1{
//UITextField文本输入框视图
//继承关系：UITextField -> UIControl -> UIView -> UIResponder ->NSObject
UITextField * textField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 40, 280, 40)];
/***************常用属性*******************/
//1.设定边框
textField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleNone;
//类型UITextBorderStyle 枚举
/*
UITextBorderStyleNone,//无边框
UITextBorderStyleLine,//线性边框
UITextBorderStyleBezel,//尖角矩形
UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect//圆角矩形
*/
//2.设置占位符 当没有文字，显示占位符
textField.placeholder = @"请输入用户名....";
//3.设置背景图片 注:设置背景颜色最好把边框样式(borderStyle)设置成无边框(UITextBorderStyleNone)
textField.background = [UIImage imageNamed:@"textfield"];
//4.设置清除健的模式
textField.clearButtonMode = UITextFieldViewModeUnlessEditing;
//类型UITextFieldViewMode 枚举
/*
UITextFieldViewModeNever,//一致不显示
UITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing,//当编辑的时候显示
UITextFieldViewModeUnlessEditing,//不编辑的时候显示
UITextFieldViewModeAlways//在编辑文字的时候总出现
*/
//5.设置密文输入 默认NO
textField.secureTextEntry = YES;
//6.设置每次编辑文字，原有文字消失
textField.clearsOnBeginEditing = YES;
//7.设置当前文本框是第一响应
[textField becomeFirstResponder];
//注:一个视图控制器上可能有多个可编辑空间，哪个正在编辑，哪个是当前第一响应，通过这个方法可以直接后台开启第一响应。
//8.注销第一响应
[textField resignFirstResponder];
//9.键盘的类型
textField.keyboardType = UIKeyboardTypeDefault;
//类型UIKeyboardType 枚举
/*
UIKeyboardTypeDefault,//默认
UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad,//数字键盘
UIKeyboardTypeEmailAddress,//Email键盘
UIKeyboardTypePhonePad,//电话键盘
UIKeyboardTypeNamePhonePad,//即可输入文字，又可输入电话键
UIKeyboardTypeASCIICapable,//能够顺利输入ASCII键盘
UIKeyboardTypeNumbersAndPunctuation,//能够输入数字和标点
UIKeyboardTypeURL,//适合输入网址的键盘
UIKeyboardTypeDecimalPad//数字键盘 带小数点
UIKeyboardTypeTwitter//推特键盘 微博键盘
UIKeyboardTypeWebSearch//网页搜索键盘
UIKeyboardTypeAlphabet = UIKeyboardTypeASCIICapable,//其实默认键盘可以输入上述所有键盘能输入的内容
*/
//10.修改KeyBoard的return键的样式 应先将键盘样式设为default
textField.returnKeyType = UIReturnKeyGoogle;
//类型UIReturnKeyType 枚举
/*
UIReturnKeyDefault,
UIReturnKeyGo,
UIReturnKeyGoogle,
UIReturnKeyJoin,
UIReturnKeyNext,
UIReturnKeyRoute,
UIReturnKeySearch,
UIReturnKeySend,
UIReturnKeyYahoo,
UIReturnKeyDone,
UIReturnKeyEmergencyCall,
UIReturnKeyContinue,
*/
UIImageView * leftView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"btn_home_h"]];
//注:x、y设与不设无所谓
leftView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 40, 50);
//9.设置左视图 注:类型是UIView 所以UIView的子类都可以作为它的左视图
textField.leftView = leftView;
//10.设置左视图显示模式 同上:类型UITextFieldViewMode
textField.leftViewMode = UITextFieldViewModeAlways;
UIImageView * rightView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"btn_home_h"]];
//x、y设与不设无所谓
rightView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 40, 50);
//10.设置右视图 注:同一个试图不能即作为textField左视图又作为右视图
textField.rightView = rightView;
//11.设置右视图显示模式 同上:类型UITextFieldViewMode
textField.rightViewMode = UITextFieldViewModeAlways;
//注:x,y,width都不用管,只需要设置高度
UIView *accessoryView = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 40)];
accessoryView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
//12.设置弹出二级键盘
textField.inputAccessoryView = accessoryView;
/***************和UILabel相似的属性*****************/
//1.输入框内容 这样设置是默认内容 会覆盖占位内容
textField.text = @"输入框内容";
//2.设置文字字体
textField.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:20];
//3.设置字体颜色
textField.textColor = [UIColor redColor];
//4.设置字体对齐方式
textField.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
//5.设置自适应宽度，空间不足，可以缩小字体，但是空间过大，不会放大字体
textField.adjustsFontSizeToFitWidth = YES;
//6.设置最小字体，在自适应字体时生效
textField.minimumFontSize = 5;
/********************不常用属性********************/
//1.设置是否纠错
textField.autocorrectionType = UITextAutocorrectionTypeNo;
//类型UITextAutocorrectionType 枚举
/*
UITextAutocorrectionTypeDefault,//按照默认设置
UITextAutocorrectionTypeNo,//不提示
UITextAutocorrectionTypeYes,//提示
*/
//2.设置是否自动大写
textField.autocapitalizationType = UITextAutocapitalizationTypeWords;
//类型UITextAutocapitalizationType 枚举
/*
UITextAutocapitalizationTypeNone,//不大写
UITextAutocapitalizationTypeWords,//单词首字母大写
UITextAutocapitalizationTypeSentences,//句子首字母大写
UITextAutocapitalizationTypeAllCharacters,//全大写
*/
textField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;
//3.自定义键盘样式
UILabel *inputLabel = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 280)];
inputLabel.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
inputLabel.numberOfLines = 0;
inputLabel.text = @"自定义键盘，你可以在上面放一些按钮，做成键盘的样式";
textField.inputView = inputLabel;
//4.设置不能点击状态下的背景图片
textField.disabledBackground = [UIImage imageNamed:@"textfield_hl"];
[self.view addSubview:textField];
}
#pragma mark - 重写方法的textField
- (void)createTextField2{
//自己定义的UITextField 重写了UITextField的方法
MyTextField * textField = [[MyTextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 100, 280, 40)];
textField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleBezel;
textField.placeholder = @"请输入....";
textField.clearButtonMode = UITextFieldViewModeAlways;
UIImageView * leftView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"btn_home_h"]];
leftView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 40, 50);
textField.leftView = leftView;
textField.leftViewMode = UITextFieldViewModeAlways;
UIImageView * rightView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"btn_home_h"]];
rightView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 40, 50);
textField.rightView = rightView;
textField.rightViewMode = UITextFieldViewModeAlways;
[self.view addSubview:textField];
}
#pragma mark - 显示代理的textField
- (void)createTextField3{
UITextField * textField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 160, 280, 40)];
textField.background = [UIImage imageNamed:@"textfield"];
textField.delegate = self;
[self.view addSubview:textField];
}
#pragma mark - 协议方法 UITextFieldDelegate
//textField是否可以被编辑 在开始编辑的时候会被调用
- (BOOL)textFieldShouldBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField{
NSLog(@"是否可以被编辑");
//默认返回的YES
if ([textField.text isEqualToString:@"Over"]) {
return NO;
}
return YES;
}
//textField已经开始编辑 开始编辑的时候会调用一次
- (void)textFieldDidBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField{
NSLog(@"已经开始编辑");
textField.background = [UIImage imageNamed:@"textfield_hl"];
}
//textField已经结束编辑
- (void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField{
NSLog(@"已经结束编辑");
textField.background = [UIImage imageNamed:@"textfield"];
}
//textField里的内容可以被清空
- (BOOL)textFieldShouldClear:(UITextField *)textField{
//默认YES 可以清空textField里的内容
return YES;
}
//键盘右下角的reture能否被点击
- (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField{
//取消第一响应者 收起键盘
[textField resignFirstResponder];
//收起键盘
[self.view endEditing:YES];
return YES;
}
//当textField中的文字个数试图改变，委托这个方法，返回YES 允许改变， 返回NO不许改变
- (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string{//只要在输入 这个方法就会被实时调用
NSLog(@"你正在输入....");
//第二个参数：range的长度通常无用，range.loc表示光标的位置
//第三个参数：string是新写入的字符串
//拿到当前textField里的内容
NSMutableString * str = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:textField.text];
//把新输入的字符串拼接到原来的后面
[str insertString:string atIndex:range.location];
//当textField中的文字长度大于等于6的时候 不让继续编辑
return str.length <= 6;
}
@end
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