WPF---＞自定义窗口

年良骏

2023-12-01

Window类继承自ContentControl类。
可以通过设置WindowStyle=“None”，完全移除窗口框架，从而创建一个可完全定制的窗口，但是有各种各样的不方便，所以本文使用WindowChrome.WindowChrome来自定义窗口

基础知识

Window类基本属性

属性	作用	值
AllowsTransparency	窗口是否透明	True 允许其他窗口透过该窗口显示 False 窗口背后的内容永远不能显示，并且透明的背景被呈现为黑色背景当与WindowStyle="None"属性结合使用，可创建形状不规则的窗口
Icon	窗口图标
Top&Left	设置屏幕窗口左上角到屏幕顶部与左侧的距离	当WindowStartupPosition属性设置为Manual，可在窗口显示之前设计窗口位置
ResizeMode	用户是否可以改变窗口尺寸	NoResize 完全锁定窗口尺寸 CanMinimize 只允许最小化窗口 CanResize允许任意改变窗口尺寸 CanResizeWithGrip 在窗口右下角添加图形细节，表示可以改变窗口尺寸
ReStroeBounds	获取窗口边界
ShowInTaskbar	在任务栏Alt+Tab中显示	True False
SizeToContent	创建自动放大缩小尺寸的窗口	Manual 禁止窗口自动改变尺寸 Height、Whidth、Width And Height 允许窗口在不同方向进行扩展以适应动态内容。当使用SIzeContent属性时窗口尺寸可以放大到超出屏幕边界
Title	窗口标题栏
Topmost	在最上层显示	True 在应用程序的所有所有其他窗口的上面显示(除非其他窗口的Topmost也为True)
WindowStartupLocation	`窗口初始位置设置`	Manual 使用Left&Top设置窗口位置 CenterScreen 在屏幕中心显示窗口 CenterOwner 在父窗口中心显示
WindowState	控制当前窗口是否最大化，最小化或处于正常状态	Normal 正常 Maximized 最大化
WindowStyle	决定窗口边框	SingleBorderWindow 默认值None 在没有标题栏的区域周围有一条凸起的细边框

显示

方法	效果	解释
Show()	显示非模态窗口
ShowDialog()	显示模态窗口	阻止用户访问父窗口

自定义窗口

Window的标准布局很简单，大致上就是标题栏和内容。以下代码仅供参考，部分依赖文件未贴出
相关链接：【tilte拖动与双击相应的实现】、【HandyControl控件库】

xaml文件

   <!--按钮样式-->
<Style x:Key="WindowBaseButton" TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
    <Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/>
    <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/>
    <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Black"/>
    <Setter Property="Height" Value="35"/>
    <Setter Property="Width" Value="40"/>
    <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
            <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
                <Border BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" >
                    <ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}"/>
                </Border>
                <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
                        <Setter Property="Background" Value="#bbc2cc"/>
                    </Trigger >
                    <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
                        <Setter Property="Background" Value="#8994a1"/>
                    </Trigger>
                </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
            </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
</Style>
<!--关闭按钮-->
<Style x:Key="WindowClosedButton" TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
    <Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/>
    <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/>
    <Setter Property="Height" Value="35"/>
    <Setter Property="Width" Value="40"/>
        <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
            <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
                    <Border BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" >
                        <!--<ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}"/>-->
                    <Path x:Name="ClosedPath" Fill="{DynamicResource PrimaryContentBrush}" Height="15" Width="15" Data="{DynamicResource WindowsCloseGeometry}"/>
                </Border>
                <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
                        <Setter Property="Background" Value="{DynamicResource LightRedBrush}"/>
                        <Setter Property="Fill" Value="{DynamicResource LightTextBrush}" TargetName="ClosedPath"/>
                    </Trigger >
                    <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
                        <Setter Property="Background" Value="{DynamicResource DarkRedBrush}"/>
                        <Setter Property="Fill" Value="{DynamicResource LightTextBrush}" TargetName="ClosedPath"/>
                    </Trigger>
                </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
            </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
</Style>

<Style x:Key="CommonWindowStyle" TargetType="{x:Type mw:CommonWindow}">
    <Setter Property="HeaderHeight" Value="35"/>
    <Setter Property="Background" Value="{DynamicResource LightTextBrush}"/>
    <Setter Property="Title" Value="CommonWindow"/>
        <Setter Property="WindowChrome.WindowChrome">
        <Setter.Value>
            <WindowChrome CornerRadius="0" GlassFrameThickness="1" UseAeroCaptionButtons="False" NonClientFrameEdges="None"/>
        </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
    <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
            <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type mw:CommonWindow}">
                <Border BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" x:Name="WindowBorder">
                    <Grid x:Name="root" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"  Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
                        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                            <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
                        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                        <Grid x:Name="PART_WindowTitleGrid" Grid.Row="0">
                            <Border Name="header" Background="{DynamicResource WindowTitleBrush}" 
                                    BorderThickness="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}, Path=BorderThickness}"
                                    Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}, Path=HeaderHeight}">
                                <DockPanel Height="Auto">
                                    <!--图标-->
                                    <StackPanel VerticalAlignment="Center" Orientation="Horizontal" DockPanel.Dock="Left">
                                        <Image Source="{TemplateBinding Icon}" MaxHeight="20" MaxWidth="20" Margin="10,0,0,0"/>
                                        <TextBlock Text="{TemplateBinding Title}" FontSize="14" FontFamily="Microsoft Yihi" 
                                                   VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="6,0,0,0"></TextBlock>
                                    </StackPanel>
                                    <StackPanel DockPanel.Dock="Right"  HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
                                                VerticalAlignment="Top" Orientation="Horizontal" Height="Auto"
                                                WindowChrome.IsHitTestVisibleInChrome="True">
                                        <Button x:Name="btnMin"  Style="{StaticResource WindowBaseButton}" 
                                                Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent},
                                                    Path=HeaderHeight}">
                                            <Button.Content>
                                                <Path x:Name="MiniPath" Fill="{DynamicResource PrimaryContentBrush}" Data="{DynamicResource WindowsMinGeometry}"  Width="15" Height="15"/>
                                            </Button.Content>
                                        </Button>
                                        <Button x:Name="btnMax" Style="{StaticResource WindowBaseButton}" Height="{Binding 
                                                RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent},Path=HeaderHeight}">
                                            <Button.Content>
                                                <mw:SimplePanel>
                                                    <Path x:Name="MaxPath" Stroke="{DynamicResource PrimaryContentBrush}" Height="15" Width="15" Stretch="Uniform" Data="{DynamicResource WindowsMaxGeometry}"/>
                                                </mw:SimplePanel>
                                            </Button.Content>
                                        </Button>
                                        <Button x:Name="btnClose" 
                                                Style="{StaticResource WindowClosedButton}" 
                                                Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent},
                                                    Path=HeaderHeight}">
                                        </Button>
                                    </StackPanel>
                                </DockPanel>
                            </Border>
                        </Grid>
                        <Border Grid.Row="1" 
                            BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"
                            Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"
                            DockPanel.Dock="Top" Height="Auto">
                            <AdornerDecorator>
                                <ContentPresenter />
                            </AdornerDecorator>
                        </Border>
                    </Grid>
                </Border>
                <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    <Trigger Property="WindowState" Value="Maximized">
                        <Setter Property="Data" Value="{DynamicResource WindowsRestoreGeometry}" TargetName="MaxPath"/>
                    </Trigger>
                    <Trigger Property="WindowState" Value="Normal">
                        <Setter Property="Data" Value="{DynamicResource WindowsMaxGeometry}" TargetName="MaxPath"/>
                    </Trigger>
                        <Trigger Property="WindowState" Value="Minimized">
                    </Trigger>
                </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
            </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
</Style>

2.Cs文件

using MaxwellControl.Tools;
using MaxwellControl.Tools.Interop;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Shell;

namespace MaxwellControl.Controls
{
    public class CommonWindow : Window
    {
        private Grid root;
        private Button minBtn;
        private Button maxBtn;
        private Button closeBtn;
        private Border header;
        private bool taskBarHide;
        private readonly Thickness _commonPadding;
        Thickness const_maxpadding = new Thickness(8, 8, 8, 8);
        Thickness const_normalpadding = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 0);

        public CommonWindow()
        {
            Padding = const_normalpadding;
            _commonPadding = Padding;
            taskBarHide = false;
            //绑定Window的关于title的相应处理
            var chrome = WindowChrome.GetWindowChrome(this);
            BindingOperations.SetBinding(chrome, WindowChrome.CaptionHeightProperty,
                new Binding(nameof(HeaderHeight)) { Source = this });
        }

        static CommonWindow()
        {
            StyleProperty.OverrideMetadata(typeof(CommonWindow), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(ResourceHelper.GetResource<Style>("CommonWindowStyle")));
        }

        public override void OnApplyTemplate()
        {
            base.OnApplyTemplate();
			//获取控件上的子部分
            minBtn = base.GetTemplateChild("btnMin") as Button;
            maxBtn = base.GetTemplateChild("btnMax") as Button;
            closeBtn = base.GetTemplateChild("btnClose") as Button;
            root = (Grid)Template.FindName("root", this);
            header = base.GetTemplateChild("header") as Border;

            minBtn.Click += (o, e) => WindowState = WindowState.Minimized;
            maxBtn.Click += MaxBtn_Click;
            closeBtn.Click += (o, e) => Close();
        }



        private void MaxBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (WindowState == WindowState.Normal)
            {
                WindowState = WindowState.Maximized;
            }
            else
            {
                WindowState = WindowState.Normal;
            }
        }


        #region properties

        //是否全屏
        public bool IsFullScreen
        {
            get { return (bool)GetValue(IsFullScreenProperty); }
            set { SetValue(IsFullScreenProperty, value); }
        }

        // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for FullScreen.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...
        public static readonly DependencyProperty IsFullScreenProperty =
            DependencyProperty.Register("FullScreen", typeof(bool), typeof(CommonWindow), new PropertyMetadata(false));

		//title的高度
        public int HeaderHeight
        {
            get { return (int)GetValue(HeaderHeightProperty); }
            set { SetValue(HeaderHeightProperty, value); }
        }

        // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for HeaderHeight.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...
        public static readonly DependencyProperty HeaderHeightProperty =
            DependencyProperty.Register("HeaderHeight", typeof(int), typeof(CommonWindow), new PropertyMetadata(0));



        #endregion
		
		//状态改变执行的操作
        protected override void OnStateChanged(EventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnStateChanged(e);
            if (WindowState == WindowState.Maximized)
            {
                if (taskBarHide == false)
                { 
                    Padding = const_maxpadding;
                }
                if (IsFullScreen)
                {
                    HeaderHeight = 0;
                    header.Visibility = Visibility.Hidden;
                }
                else
                {
                    HeaderHeight = 35;
                    header.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
                }
            }
            else if (WindowState == WindowState.Normal)
            {
                Padding = const_normalpadding;
            }
        }
        
		//根据不同情况为Padding赋值
        protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)
        {
            this.GetHwndSource()?.AddHook(HwndSourceHook);
            base.OnSourceInitialized(e);
        }
        private IntPtr HwndSourceHook(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wparam, IntPtr lparam, ref bool handled)
        {
            switch (msg)
            {
                case InteropValues.WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGED:
                    Padding = WindowState == WindowState.Maximized ? WindowHelper.WindowMaximizedPadding : _commonPadding;
                    break;
                case InteropValues.WM_GETMINMAXINFO:
                    WmGetMinMaxInfo(hwnd, lparam);
                    Padding = WindowState == WindowState.Maximized ? WindowHelper.WindowMaximizedPadding : _commonPadding;
                    break;
            }

            return IntPtr.Zero;
        }
        //判断任务栏是否隐藏，根据不同情况进行处理
        private void WmGetMinMaxInfo(IntPtr hwnd, IntPtr lParam)
        {
            var mmi = (InteropValues.MINMAXINFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(InteropValues.MINMAXINFO));
            var monitor = InteropMethods.MonitorFromWindow(hwnd, InteropValues.MONITOR_DEFAULTTONEAREST);

            if (monitor != IntPtr.Zero && mmi != null)
            {
                InteropValues.APPBARDATA appBarData = default;
                var autoHide = InteropMethods.SHAppBarMessage(4, ref appBarData) != 0;
                taskBarHide = autoHide;
                if (autoHide)
                {
                    var monitorInfo = default(InteropValues.MONITORINFO);
                    monitorInfo.cbSize = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(InteropValues.MONITORINFO));
                    InteropMethods.GetMonitorInfo(monitor, ref monitorInfo);
                    var rcWorkArea = monitorInfo.rcWork;
                    var rcMonitorArea = monitorInfo.rcMonitor;
                    mmi.ptMaxPosition.X = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.Left - rcMonitorArea.Left);
                    mmi.ptMaxPosition.Y = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.Top - rcMonitorArea.Top);
                    mmi.ptMaxSize.X = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.Right - rcWorkArea.Left);
                    mmi.ptMaxSize.Y = Math.Abs(rcWorkArea.Bottom - rcWorkArea.Top - 1);
                }
            }

            Marshal.StructureToPtr(mmi, lParam, true);
        }
    }
}

参考

WPF编程宝典
博客园的一篇
 比较简单基础的一篇

遇到的一些难缠问题

进行如下方式使用自定义控件，创建不了窗口资源，在OnApplyTemplate中使用GetTemplateChild无法获取子控件，返回null，但是在cs中使用CommonWindow window=new CommonWindow()；可以创建窗口并正常显示。
```
 <my:CommonWindow x:Class="Maxwell_VS2017Demo.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
      xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
   <Grid>
    </Grid>
</my:CommonWindow>
```
最后发现是按钮中的path资源没有获取到，本来用的是StaticResource获取资源改为DynamicResource后正常，所以要注意StaticReSource与DynamicResource的区别

WPF---＞自定义窗口

基础知识

Window类基本属性

显示

自定义窗口

参考

遇到的一些难缠问题

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