在Linux上使用rclone挂载Google Drive 和 Onedrive
胡昊
在Linux上使用rclone挂载Google Drive 和 Onedrive
rclone可以帮助我们在Linux上挂载一些储存服务,包括Google drive, onedrive, box, AWS S3等等.同时不会占用硬盘空间
简直就是小容量vps的福音
1.0 安装 Rclone
1.1 稳定版安装
Script installation
To install rclone on Linux/macOS/BSD systems, run:
curl https://rclone.org/install.sh | sudo bash
1.2 Beta安装
For beta installation, run:
curl https://rclone.org/install.sh | sudo bash -s beta
1.3 源码安装
从预编译二进制文件安装Linux 获取并解压缩
Linux installation from precompiled binary
Fetch and unpack
curl -O https://downloads.rclone.org/rclone-current-linux-amd64.zip
unzip rclone-current-linux-amd64.zip
cd rclone-*-linux-amd64
复制bin文件到/usr/bin/
Copy binary file
sudo cp rclone /usr/bin/
sudo chown root:root /usr/bin/rclone
sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/rclone
安装对应的man帮助
Install manpage
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/share/man/man1
sudo cp rclone.1 /usr/local/share/man/man1/
sudo mandb
Note:
“ 官方同时给出了docker方式部署,利用docker -v 挂载到OS上。个人感觉意义不大就介绍了
2.0 本地PC 上下载rclone (可选)
为什么要在本地win10 上下载rclone ?
若果你的VPS 可以开启图形化的可以忽略这个步骤
主要问题是客户端授权,在运行rclone需要先授权。授权其中会跳转到浏览器，google drive 授权是给出网址,可以直接复制到chrome上进行授权获取认证,但是onedrive 通常是给出的网址是http://127.0.0.1:53682/auth 这个很操蛋vps没有图形化就不无法解决了
所以直接利用本地pc win10上获取auth就省事多了.
2.1 在本地window下载rclone
https://downloads.rclone.org/rclone-current-windows-amd64.zip
解压出来后,进入cmd，输入
rclone authorize "onedrive"
之后会弹出窗口认证，然后复制token 记录好,后面在linux 上会用到
Paste the following into your remote machine --->
{"access_token":"xxxx"} #请复制{xx}整个内容(包括花括号)
<---End paste
3.0 初始化配置rclone
回到vps上
执行rclone config 配置google drive
[root@lab-test ~]# rclone config
2019/09/11 10:18:28 NOTICE: Config file "/root/.config/rclone/rclone.conf" not found - using defaults
No remotes found - make a new one
n) New remote
s) Set configuration password
q) Quit config
n/s/q> n #选择新建一个配置
name> test #配置名称
Type of storage to configure.
Enter a string value. Press Enter for the default ("").
Choose a number from below, or type in your own value
1 / 1Fichier
\ "fichier"
2 / Alias for an existing remote
\ "alias"
3 / Amazon Drive
\ "amazon cloud drive"
4 / Amazon S3 Compliant Storage Provider (AWS, Alibaba, Ceph, Digital Ocean, Dreamhost, IBM COS, Minio, etc)
\ "s3"
5 / Backblaze B2
\ "b2"
6 / Box
\ "box"
7 / Cache a remote
\ "cache"
8 / Dropbox
\ "dropbox"
9 / Encrypt/Decrypt a remote
\ "crypt"
10 / FTP Connection
\ "ftp"
11 / Google Cloud Storage (this is not Google Drive)
\ "google cloud storage"
12 / Google Drive
\ "drive"
13 / Google Photos
\ "google photos"
14 / Hubic
\ "hubic"
15 / JottaCloud
\ "jottacloud"
16 / Koofr
\ "koofr"
17 / Local Disk
\ "local"
18 / Mega
\ "mega"
19 / Microsoft Azure Blob Storage
\ "azureblob"
20 / Microsoft OneDrive
\ "onedrive"
21 / OpenDrive
\ "opendrive"
22 / Openstack Swift (Rackspace Cloud Files, Memset Memstore, OVH)
\ "swift"
23 / Pcloud
\ "pcloud"
24 / Put.io
\ "putio"
25 / QingCloud Object Storage
\ "qingstor"
26 / SSH/SFTP Connection
\ "sftp"
27 / Union merges the contents of several remotes
\ "union"
28 / Webdav
\ "webdav"
29 / Yandex Disk
\ "yandex"
30 / http Connection
\ "http"
31 / premiumize.me
\ "premiumizeme"
Storage> 12 #选择对应的标号 这里选择的是Google Drive
** See help for drive backend at: https://rclone.org/drive/ **
Google Application Client Id
Setting your own is recommended.
See https://rclone.org/drive/#making-your-own-client-id for how to create your own.
If you leave this blank, it will use an internal key which is low performance.
Enter a string value. Press Enter for the default ("").
client_id> #一般留空
Google Application Client Secret
Setting your own is recommended.
Enter a string value. Press Enter for the default ("").
client_secret> #一般留空
Scope that rclone should use when requesting access from drive.
Enter a string value. Press Enter for the default ("").
Choose a number from below, or type in your own value
1 / Full access all files, excluding Application Data Folder.
\ "drive"
2 / Read-only access to file metadata and file contents.
\ "drive.readonly"
/ Access to files created by rclone only.
3 | These are visible in the drive website.
| File authorization is revoked when the user deauthorizes the app.
\ "drive.file"
/ Allows read and write access to the Application Data folder.
4 | This is not visible in the drive website.
\ "drive.appfolder"
/ Allows read-only access to file metadata but
5 | does not allow any access to read or download file content.
\ "drive.metadata.readonly"
scope> 1 #选择完全访问所有文件
ID of the root folder
Leave blank normally.
Fill in to access "Computers" folders. (see docs).
Enter a string value. Press Enter for the default ("").
root_folder_id> #一般留空
Service Account Credentials JSON file path
Leave blank normally.
Needed only if you want use SA instead of interactive login.
Enter a string value. Press Enter for the default ("").
service_account_file> #一般留空
Edit advanced config? (y/n)
y) Yes
n) No
y/n> n #是否修改客户端配置,没有特殊就不改了
Remote config
Use auto config?
* Say Y if not sure
* Say N if you are working on a remote or headless machine
y) Yes
n) No
y/n> n #是否使用自动配置,这里选择n
If your browser doesn't open automatically go to the following link: https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth?access_type=offline&client_id=202264815644.apps.googleusercontent.com&redirect_uri=urn%3Aietf%3Awg%3Aoauth%3A2.0%3Aoob&response_type=code&scope=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.googleapis.com%2Fauth%2Fdrive&state=cdadc76b05c67ecf139a03d81e3c8e2c
Log in and authorize rclone for access
Enter verification code> #复制上面给出的认证地址到chrome,得到的认证码粘贴到这里
Configure this as a team drive?
y) Yes
n) No
y/n> n #不用team drive 选择n
--------------------
[remote]
client_id =
client_secret =
scope = drive
root_folder_id =
service_account_file =
token = {"access_token":"XXX","token_type":"Bearer","refresh_token":"XXX","expiry":"2014-03-16T13:57:58.955387075Z"}
--------------------
y) Yes this is OK
e) Edit this remote
d) Delete this remote
y/e/d> y #确认配置
完成后选择退出
这时候可以使用再次使用rclone config就可以看到刚新建的配置名称
[root@lab-test ~]# rclone config
Current remotes:
Name Type
==== ====
test drive
e) Edit existing remote
n) New remote
d) Delete remote
r) Rename remote
c) Copy remote
s) Set configuration password
q) Quit config
e/n/d/r/c/s/q>
onedrive 是基本一样的,就是在给出认证链接时候给的是http://127.0.0.1:53682/auth。
这时候就直接把在window 上获得的认证粘贴到Enter verification code> 步骤就行了
4.0 挂载
# 先新建一个目录,用于挂载
mkdir -p /mnt/google-drive-test
# 挂载命令
rclone mount test: /mnt/google-drive-test --allow-other --allow-non-empty --vfs-cache-mode writes &
# df 查看
df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 483M 0 483M 0% /dev
tmpfs 99M 13M 87M 13% /run
/dev/sda1 9.8G 7.6G 1.8G 82% /
tmpfs 495M 0 495M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 495M 0 495M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
test: 7EB 0 7EB 0% /mnt/google-drive-test
# 使用dd 测速一下
dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/google-drive-test/1 bs=2048 count=1k
记录了1024+0 的读入
记录了1024+0 的写出
2097152字节(2.1 MB)已复制，1.88323 秒，1.1 MB/秒
1.1MB/s 速度还是不错的
Note:
" 这里需要注意的挂载时候命令默认是前台展示,退出就卸载了.
使用 rclone mount --help 可以看到
When the program ends, either via Ctrl+C or receiving a SIGINT or SIGTERM signal,
the mount is automatically stopped.
所以使用使用还得加个& 掉到后台
5.0 卸载
卸载很简单就是直接umount 掉就行了
#卸载
umount /mnt/google-drive-test
#确认是否已卸载
df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 483M 0 483M 0% /dev
tmpfs 99M 13M 87M 13% /run
/dev/sda1 9.8G 7.6G 1.8G 82% /
tmpfs 495M 0 495M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 495M 0 495M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
6.0 设置启动脚本
这里提供一个类似server 启动的脚本
#!/bin/bash
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH
NAME_BIN="rclone"
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: rclone
# Required-Start: $all
# Required-Stop: $all
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: Start rclone at boot time
# Description: Enable rclone by daemon.
### END INIT INFO
NAME="OneDrive" #rclone name名
REMOTE='Download' #远程文件夹
LOCAL='/home/OneDrive' #挂载地址
Green_font_prefix="\033[32m" && Red_font_prefix="\033[31m" && Green_background_prefix="\033[42;37m" && Red_background_prefix="\033[41;37m" && Font_color_suffix="\033[0m"
Info="${Green_font_prefix}[信息]${Font_color_suffix}"
Error="${Red_font_prefix}[错误]${Font_color_suffix}"
RETVAL=0
check_running(){
PID="$(ps -C $NAME_BIN -o pid= |head -n1 |grep -o '[0-9]\{1,\}')"
if [[ ! -z ${PID} ]]; then
return 0
else
return 1
fi
}
do_start(){
check_running
if [[ $? -eq 0 ]]; then
echo -e "${Info} $NAME_BIN (PID ${PID}) 正在运行..." && exit 0
else
fusermount -zuq $LOCAL >/dev/null 2>&1
mkdir -p $LOCAL
sudo /usr/bin/rclone mount $NAME:$REMOTE $LOCAL --copy-links --no-gzip-encoding --no-check-certificate --allow-other --allow-non-empty --umask 000 >/dev/null 2>&1 &
sleep 2s
check_running
if [[ $? -eq 0 ]]; then
echo -e "${Info} $NAME_BIN 启动成功 !"
else
echo -e "${Error} $NAME_BIN 启动失败 !"
fi
fi
}
do_stop(){
check_running
if [[ $? -eq 0 ]]; then
kill -9 ${PID}
RETVAL=$?
if [[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]]; then
echo -e "${Info} $NAME_BIN 停止成功 !"
else
echo -e "${Error} $NAME_BIN 停止失败 !"
fi
else
echo -e "${Info} $NAME_BIN 未运行"
RETVAL=1
fi
fusermount -zuq $LOCAL >/dev/null 2>&1
}
do_status(){
check_running
if [[ $? -eq 0 ]]; then
echo -e "${Info} $NAME_BIN (PID $(echo ${PID})) 正在运行..."
else
echo -e "${Info} $NAME_BIN 未运行 !"
RETVAL=1
fi
}
do_restart(){
do_stop
do_start
}
case "$1" in
start|stop|restart|status)
do_$1
;;
*)
echo "使用方法: $0 { start | stop | restart | status }"
RETVAL=1
;;
esac
exit $RETVAL
此脚本出自
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/x91270/Centos/master/rcloned
使用时候先改好里面的变量
NAME=“OneDrive” #rclone name名
REMOTE=‘Download’ #远程文件夹
LOCAL=’/home/OneDrive’ #挂载地址
但是只能对应挂载一个盘,当我需要挂载几个google drive 或者同时挂载onedrive 时候就麻烦极了
尽是些花里胡哨的玩意
当对应多盘的时候直接编写一个脚本到/usr/bin下方便多了
cat /usr/bin/rclone-server
rclone mount test: /mnt/google-drive-test --allow-other --allow-non-empty --vfs-cache-mode writes &
rclone mount test1: /mnt/google-drive-test1 --allow-other --allow-non-empty --vfs-cache-mode writes &
添加时候直接往里面加就完事,不用的时候就直接umount.
总结
如果手里有大容量的Google Drive或者OneDrive可以使用rclone挂载到VPS上,将不常用的文件丢进去可以很大程度上节约空间。当然要注意的是在保存重要文件的的盘不要翻车哦
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