I like the previous answer, but I felt it was lacking in code clarity and it didn't really cover how to utilize labels.
I moved the values into a data object array for easy declaration. Other values, like percentage, I explicitly declared as a property on the data object, or as a separate variable. This, I think, makes it easier to read.
The refactoring also made it easier to tie the values to input boxes if that's something you're interested in.
To see what I mean and play with the values check out this CodePen: http://codepen.io/zfrisch/pen/pRbZeb
var data = [{
label: "one",
value: 100,
color: 'white'
}, {
label: "two",
value: 100,
color: 'skyBlue'
}, {
label: "three",
value: 100,
color: 'yellow'
}];
var total = 0;
for (obj of data) {
total += obj.value;
}
var canvas = document.getElementById('myCanvas');
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
var previousRadian;
var middle = {
x: canvas.width / 2,
y: canvas.height / 2,
radius: canvas.height / 2,
};
//background
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.arc(middle.x, middle.y, middle.radius, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.stroke();
ctx.fillStyle = "black";
ctx.fill();
//end of background
for (obj of data) {
previousRadian = previousRadian || 0;
obj.percentage = parseInt((obj.value / total) * 100)
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.fillStyle = obj.color;
obj.radian = (Math.PI * 2) * (obj.value / total);
ctx.moveTo(middle.x, middle.y);
//middle.radius - 2 is to add border between the background and the pie chart
ctx.arc(middle.x, middle.y, middle.radius - 2, previousRadian, previousRadian + obj.radian, false);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.fill();
ctx.save();
ctx.translate(middle.x, middle.y);
ctx.fillStyle = "black";
ctx.font = middle.radius / 10 + "px Arial";
ctx.rotate(previousRadian + obj.radian);
var labelText = "'" + obj.label + "' " + obj.percentage + "%";
ctx.fillText(labelText, ctx.measureText(labelText).width / 2, 0);
ctx.restore();
previousRadian += obj.radian;
}