爬虫学习-scrape center闯关（ssr系列）

场景

最近在学习爬虫，实践使用的是https://scrape.center/ 网站环境
网站的环境是一个系列的，一个系列中不通关卡考验的是小技巧，目前的环境是第一个环境，结果爬取的是所有的电影地址，标题，主题，分数，剧情简介

技术

主要使用的是request库和BeautifulSoup，最后导出一个csv文档

关卡

第一关 ssr1

电影数据网站，无反爬，数据通过服务端渲染，适合基本爬虫练习。

import pandas as pd
import urllib3
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests

urllib3.disable_warnings()  #去除因为网页没有ssl证书出现的警告
url,title,theme,score,content = [],[],[],[],[]
headers =  {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) '
                         'Chrome/87.0.4280.141 Safari/537.36'}
global url_list,title_list,theme_list,score_list,content_list
for i in range(1,11):
    the_url = 'https://ssr1.scrape.center/page/' + str(i)
    html = requests.get(the_url,headers=headers,verify=False)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html.content,'lxml')
    url_list = soup.find_all(class_='name')
    for x in url_list :
        url.append('https://ssr1.scrape.center'+x['href'])
for a in url :
    html = requests.get(a,headers=headers,verify=False)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html.content, 'lxml')
    title_list = soup.find_all(class_='m-b-sm')
    theme_list = soup.find_all(class_='categories')
    score_list = soup.find_all(class_='score m-t-md m-b-n-sm')
    content_list = soup.find_all("div",class_='drama')
    for y,z,i,x in zip(title_list,theme_list,score_list,content_list):
        title.append(y.text)
        theme.append(z.text.replace('\n','').replace('\r',''))
        score.append(i.text.strip())
        content.append(x.text.replace('剧情简介','').replace('\n','').replace('\r','').strip())
bt = {
    '链接':url,
    '标题':title,
    '主题':theme,
    '评分':score,
    '剧情简介':content
}
work = pd.DataFrame(bt)
work.to_csv('work.csv')

第二关 ssr2

电影数据网站，无反爬，无 HTTPS 证书，适合用作 HTTPS 证书验证。

上关代码可以继续使用，能够爬取结果

第三关 ssr3

电影数据网站，无反爬，带有 HTTP Basic Authentication，适合用作 HTTP 认证案例，用户名密码均为 admin。

这一关主要考验的是网站初始登录HTTP认证，在代码第一次访问网站中添加认证

    auth = HTTPBasicAuth('admin','admin')
    html = requests.get(the_url,headers=headers,auth=auth,verify=False)

总代码

import pandas as pd
import urllib3
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

urllib3.disable_warnings()  #去除因为网页没有ssl证书出现的警告
url,title,theme,score,content = [],[],[],[],[]
headers =  {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) '
                         'Chrome/87.0.4280.141 Safari/537.36'}
global url_list,title_list,theme_list,score_list,content_list
for i in range(1,11):
    the_url = 'https://ssr3.scrape.center/page/' + str(i)
    auth = HTTPBasicAuth('admin','admin')
    html = requests.get(the_url,headers=headers,auth=auth,verify=False)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html.content,'lxml')
    url_list = soup.find_all(class_='name')
    for x in url_list :
        url.append('https://ssr1.scrape.center'+x['href'])
for a in url :
    html = requests.get(a,headers=headers,verify=False)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html.content, 'lxml')
    title_list = soup.find_all(class_='m-b-sm')
    theme_list = soup.find_all(class_='categories')
    score_list = soup.find_all(class_='score m-t-md m-b-n-sm')
    content_list = soup.find_all("div",class_='drama')
    for y,z,i,x in zip(title_list,theme_list,score_list,content_list):
        title.append(y.text)
        theme.append(z.text.replace('\n','').replace('\r',''))
        score.append(i.text.strip())
        content.append(x.text.replace('剧情简介','').replace('\n','').replace('\r','').strip())
bt = {
    '链接':url,
    '标题':title,
    '主题':theme,
    '评分':score,
    '剧情简介':content
}
work = pd.DataFrame(bt)
work.to_csv('work.csv')

第四关 ssr4

电影数据网站，无反爬，每个响应增加了 5 秒延迟，适合测试慢速网站爬取或做爬取速度测试，减少网速干扰。

这关主要是限制了延迟，在网站中添加超时时间，因为他设置的是5秒延迟，但是在实际测试还有其他的延迟，所以需要15秒左右以上的时间进行访问，不然会访问超时

html = requests.get(the_url,headers=headers,verify=False,timeout=15)

在这里因为延迟关系，所以只爬取第一页，并没有所有爬取

总代码

import pandas as pd
import urllib3
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests

global url_list, title_list, theme_list, score_list, content_list
urllib3.disable_warnings()  #去除因为网页没有ssl证书出现的警告
url,title,theme,score,content = [],[],[],[],[]
headers =  {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) '
                             'Chrome/87.0.4280.141 Safari/537.36'}
the_url = 'https://ssr4.scrape.center/page/1'
html = requests.get(the_url,headers=headers,verify=False,timeout=15)
soup = BeautifulSoup(html.content,'lxml')
url_list = soup.find_all(class_='name')
for x in url_list :
    url.append('https://ssr1.scrape.center'+x['href'])
for a in url :
        html = requests.get(a,headers=headers,verify=False,timeout=15)
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html.content, 'lxml')
        title_list = soup.find_all(class_='m-b-sm')
        theme_list = soup.find_all(class_='categories')
        score_list = soup.find_all(class_='score m-t-md m-b-n-sm')
        content_list = soup.find_all("div",class_='drama')
        for y,z,i,x in zip(title_list,theme_list,score_list,content_list):
            title.append(y.text)
            theme.append(z.text.replace('\n','').replace('\r',''))
            score.append(i.text.strip())
            content.append(x.text.replace('剧情简介','').replace('\n','').replace('\r','').strip())
bt = {
        '链接':url,
        '标题':title,
        '主题':theme,
        '评分':score,
        '剧情简介':content
    }
work = pd.DataFrame(bt)
work.to_csv('work.csv')