使用ManagedWifi连接无线网络
岳杜吟
自windows vista和windows XP SP2以后的版本，微软支持使用Native wifi API来连接和管理无线网络。不过官方文档中有句话：Ad hoc mode might not be available in future versions of Windows. Starting with Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2, use Wi-Fi Direct instead.高级模式将不被支持。从Windows 8.1和Windows Server 2012 R2开始，请使用Wi-Fi Direct替代。这个我们暂时先不用理会。
Native wifi API可以的下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/libby1984/9529224
下面是代码：
判断电脑是否连接上了网络：
[DllImport("wininet")]
private extern static bool InternetGetConnectedState(out int connectionDescription, int reservedValue);
/// <summary>
/// 检测本机是否联网
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool IsConnectedInternet()
{
int i = 0;
if (InternetGetConnectedState(out i, 0))
{
//已联网
return true;
}
else
{
//未联网
return false;
}
}
扫描无线网络，首先实例化一个WlanClient的实例，遍历该实例中所有的WlanInterface。每一个WlanInterface 就是一个无线网络连接。然后遍历每个连接下搜索到的所有无线网络。如果WlanInterface的InterfaceState属性值为Connected，那么就表示该无线网络连接是当前连接的连接，如果想具体知道连接的是哪个无线网络，可以查看WlanInterface实例的CurrentConnection属性。下面代码中的WIFISSID类是记录netwoek参数的类，可以根据需要自己定义。
/// <summary>
/// 枚举所有无线设备接收到的SSID
/// </summary>
private List<WIFISSID> ScanSSID()
{
WlanClient client = new WlanClient();
List<WIFISSID> wifiList = new List<WIFISSID>();
string conectedNetworkName = string.Empty;
foreach (WlanClient.WlanInterface wlanIface in client.Interfaces)
{
List<string> profileNames = new List<string>();
// Lists all networks with WEP security
Wlan.WlanAvailableNetwork[] networks = wlanIface.GetAvailableNetworkList(0);
foreach (Wlan.WlanAvailableNetwork network in networks)
{
if (wlanIface.InterfaceState == Wlan.WlanInterfaceState.Connected && wlanIface.CurrentConnection.isState == Wlan.WlanInterfaceState.Connected)
{
conectedNetworkName = wlanIface.CurrentConnection.profileName;
}
WIFISSID targetSSID = new WIFISSID();
if (network.networkConnectable)
{
targetSSID.SSID = network.dot11Ssid;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(network.profileName))
{
targetSSID.profileNames = GetStringForSSID(network.dot11Ssid);
}
else
{
targetSSID.profileNames = network.profileName;
}
if (!profileNames.Contains(targetSSID.profileNames))
{
profileNames.Add(targetSSID.profileNames);
targetSSID.wlanInterface = wlanIface;
targetSSID.wlanSignalQuality = (int)network.wlanSignalQuality;
targetSSID.dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm = network.dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm;
targetSSID.dot11DefaultCipherAlgorithm = network.dot11DefaultCipherAlgorithm.ToString();
targetSSID.securityEnabled = network.securityEnabled;
wifiList.Add(targetSSID);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(conectedNetworkName) && conectedNetworkName.Equals(network.profileName))
{
targetSSID.connected = true;
}
else
{
targetSSID.connected = false;
}
}
}
}
}
return wifiList;
}
public class WIFISSID
{
public string profileNames;
public Wlan.Dot11Ssid SSID;
public NativeWifi.Wlan.Dot11AuthAlgorithm dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm;
public string dot11DefaultCipherAlgorithm = "";
public bool networkConnectable = true;
public string wlanNotConnectableReason = "";
public int wlanSignalQuality = 0;
public WlanClient.WlanInterface wlanInterface = null;
public bool securityEnabled;
public bool connected = false;
}
寻找当前连接的网络：
public static string GetCurrentConnection()
{
WlanClient client = new WlanClient();
foreach (WlanClient.WlanInterface wlanIface in client.Interfaces)
{
Wlan.WlanAvailableNetwork[] networks = wlanIface.GetAvailableNetworkList(0);
foreach (Wlan.WlanAvailableNetwork network in networks)
{
if (wlanIface.InterfaceState == Wlan.WlanInterfaceState.Connected && wlanIface.CurrentConnection.isState == Wlan.WlanInterfaceState.Connected)
{
return wlanIface.CurrentConnection.profileName;
}
}
}
return string.Empty;
}连接到无线网络。连接到无线网络需要传无线网络配置文件，这个配置文件是一个XML，根据不同的网络配置文件中的参数不同。
下面的例子中的infoTB是界面上的一个TextBlock控件，用来显示提示信息，而Loger类是一个自定义类。各位可以根据自己的需要对显示提示信息的部分进行修改。
/// <summary>
/// 连接到无线网络
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ssid"></param>
public void ConnectToSSID(WIFISSID ssid, string key)
{
try {
String auth = string.Empty;
String cipher = string.Empty;
bool isNoKey = false;
String keytype = string.Empty;
switch (ssid.dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm)
{
case Wlan.Dot11AuthAlgorithm.IEEE80211_Open:
auth = "open"; break;
//case Wlan.Dot11AuthAlgorithm.IEEE80211_SharedKey:
// 'not implemented yet;
//break;
case Wlan.Dot11AuthAlgorithm.RSNA:
auth = "WPA2PSK"; break;
case Wlan.Dot11AuthAlgorithm.RSNA_PSK:
auth = "WPA2PSK"; break;
case Wlan.Dot11AuthAlgorithm.WPA:
auth = "WPAPSK"; break;
case Wlan.Dot11AuthAlgorithm.WPA_None:
auth = "WPAPSK"; break;
case Wlan.Dot11AuthAlgorithm.WPA_PSK:
auth = "WPAPSK"; break;
}
switch (ssid.dot11DefaultCipherAlgorithm)
{
case Wlan.Dot11CipherAlgorithm.CCMP:
cipher = "AES";
keytype = "passPhrase";
break;
case Wlan.Dot11CipherAlgorithm.TKIP:
cipher = "TKIP";
keytype = "passPhrase";
break;
case Wlan.Dot11CipherAlgorithm.None:
cipher = "none"; keytype = "";
isNoKey = true;
break;
case Wlan.Dot11CipherAlgorithm.WEP:
cipher = "WEP";
keytype = "networkKey";
break;
case Wlan.Dot11CipherAlgorithm.WEP40:
cipher = "WEP";
keytype = "networkKey";
break;
case Wlan.Dot11CipherAlgorithm.WEP104:
cipher = "WEP";
keytype = "networkKey";
break;
}
if (isNoKey && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
{
infoTB.Text = "无法连接网络！";
Loger.WriteLog("无法连接网络",
"SSID:" + this.ssid.SSID + "\r\n"
+ "Dot11AuthAlgorithm:" + ssid.dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm + "\r\n"
+ "Dot11CipherAlgorithm:" + ssid.dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm.ToString());
return;
}
else if (!isNoKey && string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
{
infoTB.Text = "无法连接网络！";
Loger.WriteLog("无法连接网络",
"SSID:" + this.ssid.SSID + "\r\n"
+ "Dot11AuthAlgorithm:" + ssid.dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm + "\r\n"
+ "Dot11CipherAlgorithm:" + ssid.dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm.ToString());
return;
}
else
{
string profileName = ssid.profileNames; // this is also the SSID
string mac = StringToHex(profileName);
string profileXml = string.Empty;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
{
profileXml = string.Format("<?xml version=\"1.0\"?><WLANProfile xmlns=\"http://www.microsoft.com/networking/WLAN/profile/v1\"><name>{0}</name><SSIDConfig><SSID><hex>{1}</hex><name>{0}</name></SSID></SSIDConfig><connectionType>ESS</connectionType><connectionMode>auto</connectionMode><autoSwitch>false</autoSwitch><MSM><security><authEncryption><authentication>{2}</authentication><encryption>{3}</encryption><useOneX>false</useOneX></authEncryption><sharedKey><keyType>{4}</keyType><protected>false</protected><keyMaterial>{5}</keyMaterial></sharedKey><keyIndex>0</keyIndex></security></MSM></WLANProfile>",
profileName, mac, auth, cipher, keytype, key);
}
else
{
profileXml = string.Format("<?xml version=\"1.0\"?><WLANProfile xmlns=\"http://www.microsoft.com/networking/WLAN/profile/v1\"><name>{0}</name><SSIDConfig><SSID><hex>{1}</hex><name>{0}</name></SSID></SSIDConfig><connectionType>ESS</connectionType><connectionMode>auto</connectionMode><autoSwitch>false</autoSwitch><MSM><security><authEncryption><authentication>{2}</authentication><encryption>{3}</encryption><useOneX>false</useOneX></authEncryption></security></MSM></WLANProfile>",
profileName, mac, auth, cipher, keytype);
}
ssid.wlanInterface.SetProfile(Wlan.WlanProfileFlags.AllUser, profileXml, true);
//ssid.wlanInterface.Connect(Wlan.WlanConnectionMode.Profile, Wlan.Dot11BssType.Any, ssid.profileNames);
bool success = ssid.wlanInterface.ConnectSynchronously(Wlan.WlanConnectionMode.Profile, Wlan.Dot11BssType.Any, profileName, 15000);
if (!success)
{
infoTB.Text = "连接网络失败！";
Loger.WriteLog("连接网络失败",
"SSID:" + this.ssid.SSID + "\r\n"
+ "Dot11AuthAlgorithm:" + ssid.dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm + "\r\n"
+ "Dot11CipherAlgorithm:" + ssid.dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm.ToString() + "\r\n");
return;
}
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
infoTB.Text = "无法连接网络！" + e.Message;
Loger.WriteLog("无法连接网络",
"SSID:" + this.ssid.SSID + "\r\n"
+ "Dot11AuthAlgorithm:" + ssid.dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm + "\r\n"
+ "Dot11CipherAlgorithm:" + ssid.dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm.ToString() + "\r\n"
+ e.Message);
return;
}
}
如果想要了解连接无线网络过程中的细节，可以注册WlanInterface的WlanConnectionNotification事件。该事件会对当连接的连接状态进行通知，下面是简单的通知事件的实现，根据通知的内容在界面上显示提示信息：
private void WlanInterface_WlanConnectionNotification(Wlan.WlanNotificationData notifyData, Wlan.WlanConnectionNotificationData connNotifyData)
{
try
{
this.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new Action(() =>
{
if (!this.ssid.profileNames.Equals(connNotifyData.profileName)) // 是否是当前SSID的通知
{
return;
}
if (notifyData.notificationSource == Wlan.WlanNotificationSource.ACM)
{
int notificationCode = (int)notifyData.NotificationCode;
switch (notificationCode)
{
case (int)Wlan.WlanNotificationCodeAcm.ConnectionStart:
Loger.WriteLog("开始连接无线网络" + this.ssid.profileNames);
infoTB.Text = "开始连接无线网络......";
break;
case (int)Wlan.WlanNotificationCodeAcm.ConnectionComplete:
Loger.WriteLog("连接无线网络成功" + this.ssid.profileNames);
infoTB.Text = "连接无线网络成功！";
this.DialogResult = true;
break;
case (int)Wlan.WlanNotificationCodeAcm.Disconnecting:
Loger.WriteLog("正在断开无线网络连接" + this.ssid.profileNames);
infoTB.Text = "正在断开无线网络连接......";
break;
case (int)Wlan.WlanNotificationCodeAcm.Disconnected:
Loger.WriteLog("已经断开无线网络连接" + this.ssid.profileNames);
infoTB.Text = "已经断开无线网络连接！";
this.DialogResult = true;
break;
}
}
}));
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Loger.WriteLog(e.Message);
}
}
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