Cassandra安装与配置

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2023-03-14

Apache Cassandra和Datastax企业级被不同组织用于存储大量数据。在安装Apache Cassandra之前，您必须具备以下事项：

必须拥有datastax社区版本，可以点击这里下载Cassandra3.10。
必须提前安装好JDK8以上版本。
必须提前安装好JDK。
最新版本的Java 8，要验证是否安装了正确版本的Java，请在终端上输入：

java -version

对于使用cqlsh，需要安装Python 2.7(一定要使用这个版本哦)。要验证是否安装了正确版本的Python，请在终端上输入：

python --version

如下所示 -

C:\Users\Administrator>python --version
Python 2.7.10

C:\Users\Administrator>

从二进制tar文件安装

从Apache Cassandra下载网站下载最新的稳定版本。
将文件解压到某处，如在本示例为：D:\software\apache-cassandra-3.10，例如：

注：为了使用方便，可以将D:\software\apache-cassandra-3.10\bin添加到环境变量中。

进入目录D:\software\apache-cassandra-3.10\bin，通过从命令行调用 cassandra -f，在前台启动Cassandra。按“Control + C”键停止Cassandra。在后台通过从命令行调用cassandra启动Cassandra。调用kill pid或pkill -f CassandraDaemon来停止Cassandra，其中pid是Cassandra进程标识，可以通过调用pgrep -f CassandraDaemon来找到它。

通过从命令行调用nodetool状态来验证Cassandra是否正在运行。

配置文件位于conf子目录中。
由于Cassandra，日志和数据目录分别位于日志和数据子目录中。旧版本默认为/var/log/cassandra和/var/lib/cassandra。因此，有必要以root权限启动Cassandra，或者将conf/cassandra.yaml更改为使用当前用户拥有的目录，如下文有关更改目录位置的部分所述。

现在我们来一步步地演示上面的命令，首先启动 cassandra ，在前台启动Cassandra使用以下命令 -

D:\software\apache-cassandra-3.10\bin> cassandra -f
WARNING! Powershell script execution unavailable.
   Please use 'powershell Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted'
   on this user-account to run cassandra with fully featured
   functionality on this platform.
Starting with legacy startup options
.... ....
INFO  [main] 2017-04-17 22:35:51,658 Server.java:155 - Using Netty Version: [netty-buffer=netty-buffer-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-codec=netty-codec-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-codec-haproxy=netty-codec-haproxy-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-codec-http=netty-codec-http-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-codec-socks=netty-codec-socks-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-common=netty-common-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-handler=netty-handler-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-tcnative=netty-tcnative-1.1.33.Fork19.fe4816e, netty-transport=netty-transport-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-transport-native-epoll=netty-transport-native-epoll-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-transport-rxtx=netty-transport-rxtx-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-transport-sctp=netty-transport-sctp-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-transport-udt=netty-transport-udt-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86]
INFO  [main] 2017-04-17 22:35:51,677 Server.java:156 - Starting listening for CQL clients on localhost/127.0.0.1:9042 (unencrypted)...
INFO  [main] 2017-04-17 22:35:51,919 CassandraDaemon.java:528 - Not starting RPC server as requested. Use JMX (StorageService->startRPCServer()) or nodetool (enablethrift) to start it

这就启动了。。。
按“Control + C”键停止Cassandra。接下来演示在后台通过从命令行调用cassandra启动Cassandra。

D:\software\apache-cassandra-3.10\bin> cassandra 
... ...
INFO  [main] 2017-04-17 22:37:38,985 ColumnFamilyStore.java:406 - Initializing system.schema_usertypes
INFO  [main] 2017-04-17 22:37:39,002 ColumnFamilyStore.java:406 - Initializing system.schema_functions
INFO  [main] 2017-04-17 22:37:39,042 ColumnFamilyStore.java:406 - Initializing system.schema_aggregates
INFO  [main] 2017-04-17 22:37:39,046 ViewManager.java:137 - Not submitting build tasks for views in keyspace system as storage service is not initialized
INFO  [main] 2017-04-17 22:37:39,614 ApproximateTime.java:44 - Scheduling approximate time-check task with a precision of 10 milliseconds
... ...
INFO  [main] 2017-04-17 22:37:56,101 Server.java:155 - Using Netty Version: [netty-buffer=netty-buffer-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-codec=netty-codec-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-codec-haproxy=netty-codec-haproxy-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-codec-http=netty-codec-http-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-codec-socks=netty-codec-socks-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-common=netty-common-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-handler=netty-handler-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-tcnative=netty-tcnative-1.1.33.Fork19.fe4816e, netty-transport=netty-transport-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-transport-native-epoll=netty-transport-native-epoll-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-transport-rxtx=netty-transport-rxtx-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-transport-sctp=netty-transport-sctp-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86, netty-transport-udt=netty-transport-udt-4.0.39.Final.38bdf86]
INFO  [main] 2017-04-17 22:37:56,128 Server.java:156 - Starting listening for CQL clients on localhost/127.0.0.1:9042 (unencrypted)...
INFO  [main] 2017-04-17 22:37:56,427 CassandraDaemon.java:528 - Not starting RPC server as requested. Use JMX (StorageService->startRPCServer()) or nodetool (enablethrift) to start it

如下图所示 -

要运行Cassandra shell，重新启动一个命令行窗口并输入cqlsh命令，您将看到命令行执行的结果以下：

D:\software\apache-cassandra-3.10\bin> cqlsh

WARNING: console codepage must be set to cp65001 to support utf-8 encoding on Windows platforms.
If you experience encoding problems, change your console codepage with 'chcp 65001' before starting cqlsh.

Connected to Test Cluster at 127.0.0.1:9042.
[cqlsh 5.0.1 | Cassandra 3.10 | CQL spec 3.4.4 | Native protocol v4]
Use HELP for help.
WARNING: pyreadline dependency missing.  Install to enable tab completion.
cqlsh>