详解SpringBoot上传图片到阿里云的OSS对象存储中

启动idea创建一个SpringBoot项目

将上面的步骤完成之后，点击下一步创建项目

创建完成之后修改pom.xml文件，添加阿里云oss依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
  <scope>runtime</scope>
  <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

修改配置文件，将配置文件后缀名修改为yml类型的配置文件，并对阿里云oss进行参数的配置

server:
 port: 8088
# 阿里云存储参数配置
aliyun:
 oss:
  endpoint: 
  accessKeyId: 
  accessKeySecret: 
  bucketName: 

上面的参数我们首先进入阿里云官网，登录并进入自己的控制台

创建一个，方框中就是yml配置文件中的bucketName

点击进入就可以看见外网访问地址，将这个地址填写到yml配置文件中的endpoint

点击头像，选择AccessKey管理

选择继续使用AccessKey

创建一个AccessKey

创建成功，yml配置文件中的accessKeyId，accessKeySecret，对应填入相应位置

创建一个util（里面放oss工具类）文件夹，里面创建一个OssUtil的类。再创建一个Controller文件夹，里面创建一个OssController的文件

OssUtil类

package com.example.ossdemo.util;

import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClient;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.ObjectMetadata;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectResult;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.*;

/**
 * 阿里云OSS服务器工具类
 */
@Component
public class OssUtil {

  //---------变量----------
  protected static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OssUtil.class);

  @Value("${aliyun.oss.endpoint}")
  private String endpoint;
  @Value("${aliyun.oss.accessKeyId}")
  private String accessKeyId;
  @Value("${aliyun.oss.accessKeySecret}")
  private String accessKeySecret;
  @Value("${aliyun.oss.bucketName}")
  private String bucketName;

  //文件存储目录
  private String filedir = "my_file/";

  /**
   * 1、单个文件上传
   * @param file
   * @return 返回完整URL地址
   */
  public String uploadFile(MultipartFile file) {
    String fileUrl = uploadImg2Oss(file);
    String str = getFileUrl(fileUrl);
    return str.trim();
  }

  /**
   * 1、单个文件上传(指定文件名（带后缀）)
   * @param file
   * @return 返回完整URL地址
   */
  public String uploadFile(MultipartFile file,String fileName) {
    try {
      InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
      this.uploadFile2OSS(inputStream, fileName);
      return fileName;
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
      return "上传失败";
    }
  }

  /**
   * 2、多文件上传
   * @param fileList
   * @return 返回完整URL，逗号分隔
   */
  public String uploadFile(List<MultipartFile> fileList) {
    String fileUrl = "";
    String str = "";
    String photoUrl = "";
    for(int i = 0;i< fileList.size();i++){
      fileUrl = uploadImg2Oss(fileList.get(i));
      str = getFileUrl(fileUrl);
      if(i == 0){
        photoUrl = str;
      }else {
        photoUrl += "," + str;
      }
    }
    return photoUrl.trim();
  }

  /**
   * 3、通过文件名获取文完整件路径
   * @param fileUrl
   * @return 完整URL路径
   */
  public String getFileUrl(String fileUrl) {
    if (fileUrl !=null && fileUrl.length()>0) {
      String[] split = fileUrl.split("/");
      String url = this.getUrl(this.filedir + split[split.length - 1]);
      return url;
    }
    return null;
  }

  //获取去掉参数的完整路径
  private String getShortUrl(String url) {
    String[] imgUrls = url.split("\\?");
    return imgUrls[0].trim();
  }

  // 获得url链接
  private String getUrl(String key) {
    // 设置URL过期时间为20年 3600l* 1000*24*365*20
    Date expiration = new Date(new Date().getTime() + 3600l * 1000 * 24 * 365 * 20);
    // 生成URL
    OSSClient ossClient = new OSSClient(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
    URL url = ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(bucketName, key, expiration);
    if (url != null) {
      return getShortUrl(url.toString());
    }
    return null;
  }

  // 上传文件
  private String uploadImg2Oss(MultipartFile file) {
    //1、限制最大文件为20M
    if (file.getSize() > 1024 * 1024 *20) {
      return "图片太大";
    }

    String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
    String suffix = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")).toLowerCase(); //文件后缀
    String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    String name = uuid + suffix;

    try {
      InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
      this.uploadFile2OSS(inputStream, name);
      return name;
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
      return "上传失败";
    }
  }


  // 上传文件（指定文件名）
  private String uploadFile2OSS(InputStream instream, String fileName) {
    String ret = "";
    try {
      //创建上传Object的Metadata
      ObjectMetadata objectMetadata = new ObjectMetadata();
      objectMetadata.setContentLength(instream.available());
      objectMetadata.setCacheControl("no-cache");
      objectMetadata.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
      objectMetadata.setContentType(getcontentType(fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."))));
      objectMetadata.setContentDisposition("inline;filename=" + fileName);
      //上传文件

      OSSClient ossClient = new OSSClient(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
      PutObjectResult putResult = ossClient.putObject(bucketName, filedir + fileName, instream, objectMetadata);
      ret = putResult.getETag();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
    } finally {
      try {
        if (instream != null) {
          instream.close();
        }
      } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
    return ret;
  }

  private static String getcontentType(String FilenameExtension) {
    if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".bmp")) {
      return "image/bmp";
    }
    if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".gif")) {
      return "image/gif";
    }
    if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".jpeg") ||
        FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".jpg") ||
        FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".png")) {
      return "image/jpeg";
    }
    if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".html")) {
      return "text/html";
    }
    if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".txt")) {
      return "text/plain";
    }
    if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".vsd")) {
      return "application/vnd.visio";
    }
    if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".pptx") ||
        FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".ppt")) {
      return "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
    }
    if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".docx") ||
        FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".doc")) {
      return "application/msword";
    }
    if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".xml")) {
      return "text/xml";
    }
    //PDF
    if (FilenameExtension.equalsIgnoreCase(".pdf")) {
      return "application/pdf";
    }
    return "image/jpeg";
  }
}

OssController类

package com.example.ossdemo.controller;

import com.example.ossdemo.util.OssUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;


import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/oss")
public class OssController {

  @Autowired
  OssUtil ossUtil; //注入OssUtil

  @PostMapping("/uploadfile")
  public Object fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file)
  {
    try {
      String url = ossUtil.uploadFile(file); //调用OSS工具类
      Map<String, Object> returnbody = new HashMap<>();
      Map<String, Object> returnMap = new HashMap<>();
      returnMap.put("url", url);
      returnbody.put("data",returnMap);
      returnbody.put("code","200");
      returnbody.put("message","上传成功");
      return returnbody;
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
      Map<String, Object> returnbody = new HashMap<>();
      returnbody.put("data",null);
      returnbody.put("code","400");
      returnbody.put("message","上传失败");
      return returnbody;
    }
  }
}

使用postman进行请求

这样就可以将文件上传到阿里云OSS啦

另外如果对这个项目不懂的，可以再底部留言哦，看见回复。要源码的小伙伴我将源码放在码云，自取哦！

项目码云地址

总结

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