python和C语言混合编程实例

最近为了测试网速情况怎么样，由于部分业务服务器需要关闭icmp，这样的话采用普通的ping就无法适应我的需求，于是自己简单的写了一个基于tcp端口的ping的程序，由于c执行效率比较的不错，但是开发效率低下，而python是开发效率高，但是执行效率不如C，由于需要大规模的使用，于是用C实现核心部分的代码，并把这部分实现成一个python的模块，由python调用c的模块，下面就贴代码吧

/* tcpportping.c */
#include <Python.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

/* count time functions */
static double mytime(void)
{
    struct timeval tv;
    if (gettimeofday(&tv, NULL) == -1)
        return 0.0;

    return (double)tv.tv_usec + (double)tv.tv_sec * 1000000;
}

static PyObject *                                 /* returns object */
tcpping(PyObject *self, PyObject *args )
{
    struct  sockaddr_in addr;
    struct  hostent *hp;
    double  time;
    char    *host = NULL;
    int     fd;
    int     port, timeout;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "sii", &host, &port, &timeout))  /* convert Python -> C */
        return NULL;                              /* null=raise exception */

    if ((fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
        return Py_BuildValue("d", -1.0);        /* convert C -> Python */
    }

    bzero((char *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
    if ((hp = gethostbyname(host)) == NULL) {
        return Py_BuildValue("d", -2.0);        /* convert C -> Python */
    }
    bcopy(hp->h_addr, &addr.sin_addr, hp->h_length);
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port = htons(port);

    struct timeval tv;

    tv.tv_sec = 0;
    tv.tv_usec = timeout * 1000;

    double stime = mytime();
    if (connect(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
        return Py_BuildValue("d", -3.0);        /* convert C -> Python */
    }
    fd_set read, write;
    FD_ZERO(&read);
    FD_ZERO(&write);

    FD_SET(fd, &read);
    FD_SET(fd, &write);

    if (select(fd + 1, &read, &write, NULL, &tv) == 0) {
        close(fd);
        return Py_BuildValue("d", -4.0);        /* convert C -> Python */
    }

    double etime = mytime();
    time = etime - stime;
    if (!FD_ISSET(fd, &read) && !FD_ISSET(fd, &write)) {
        close(fd);
        return Py_BuildValue("d", -4.0);        /* convert C -> Python */
    }
    close(fd);
    return Py_BuildValue("d", time/1000);        /* convert C -> Python */
}

/* registration table  */
static struct PyMethodDef portping_methods[] = {
    {"tcpping", tcpping, METH_VARARGS},       /* method name, C func ptr, always-tuple */
    {NULL, NULL}                   /* end of table marker */
};

/* module initializer */
void inittcpportping( )                       /* called on first import */
{                                      /* name matters if loaded dynamically */
    (void) Py_InitModule("tcpportping", portping_methods);   /* mod name, table ptr */
}

编译成python模块

gcc tcpportping.c  -I/usr/include/python2.4 -shared -L/usr/bin -fpic -lpython2.4 -o tcpportping.so

下面是python调用c模块的代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python

import tcpportping
import time

i = 0
while i < 5:
    t = tcpportping.tcpping('www.baidu.com', 80, 1000)
    if t < 0:
        print "time out"
    else:
        print t
    time.sleep(0.5)
    i += 1