詹金斯的新手;简单构建失败，在步骤中找不到此类 DSL 方法“管道”

Question

我有一个简单的hello world项目，它在新的Jenkins安装上失败了。我正按照这个网址的指示去做:https://code-maven.com/jenkins-pipeline-hello-world

作为参考，安装了以下简单的构建管道插件：

构建管道插件1.5.8
管道保持运行步骤1.0
管道实用程序步骤2.6.1
管道：API 2.40
管道：基本步骤2.22
管道：构建步骤2.13
管道：Groovy 2.85
管道：输入步骤2.12
管道：作业2.40
管道：保持环境步骤插件1.0
管道：节点和进程2.36
管道：REST API插件2.18
管道：SCM步骤2.11
管道：阶段步骤2.5
管道：阶段视图插件2.18
管道：步骤API 2.23
管道：支持API 3.6
可锁定资源

（所以这也使得我在发布之前阅读的以下链接不适用： Jenkins 管道-没有这样的DSL方法“构建”， Jenkins 管道- java.lang.NoSuchMachodError：在步骤中没有找到这样的DSL方法“锁定”，在步骤中没有找到这样的DSL方法“管道”）

因此，根据我遵循的教程，我创建了一个管道，并在配置中将以下代码放在“管道”部分中：

pipeline {
    agent { label 'master' }
    stages {
        stage('build') {
            steps {
                echo "Hello World!"
            }
        }
    }
}

当我单击“立即构建”按钮时，我从控制台输出中获得以下内容：

Started by user dogzilla
Running in Durability level: MAX_SURVIVABILITY
[Pipeline] Start of Pipeline
[Pipeline] End of Pipeline
java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No such DSL method 'pipeline' found among steps [archive, bat, build, catchError, checkout, compareVersions, deleteDir, dir, echo, error, fileExists, findFiles, getContext, input, isUnix, junit, keepEnv, keepRunning, load, lock, mail, node, nodesByLabel, parallel, powershell, publishChecks, pwd, pwsh, readCSV, readFile, readJSON, readManifest, readMavenPom, readProperties, readYaml, retry, sh, sha1, sleep, stage, stash, step, tee, timeout, tm, tool, touch, unarchive, unstable, unstash, unzip, waitUntil, warnError, withContext, withEnv, wrap, writeCSV, writeFile, writeJSON, writeMavenPom, writeYaml, ws, zip] or symbols [all, always, apiToken, architecture, archiveArtifacts, artifactManager, batchFile, booleanParam, buildButton, buildDiscarder, buildDiscarders, caseInsensitive, caseSensitive, choice, choiceParam, clock, command, credentials, cron, crumb, defaultView, demand, disableConcurrentBuilds, disableResume, downstream, dumb, durabilityHint, envVars, envVarsFilter, file, fileParam, filePath, fingerprint, fingerprints, frameOptions, freeStyle, freeStyleJob, fromScm, fromSource, headRegexFilter, headWildcardFilter, hyperlink, hyperlinkToModels, installSource, javadoc, jdk, jdkInstaller, jnlp, jobBuildDiscarder, jobName, junitTestResultStorage, lastDuration, lastFailure, lastGrantedAuthorities, lastStable, lastSuccess, legacy, list, local, location, logRotator, loggedInUsersCanDoAnything, mailer, masterBuild, maven, maven3Mojos, mavenErrors, mavenMojos, mavenWarnings, myView, nodeProperties, none, paneStatus, parameters, password, pattern, permanent, pipelineTriggers, plainText, plugin, pollSCM, projectNamingStrategy, proxy, queueItemAuthenticator, quietPeriod, resourceRoot, retainOnlyVariables, run, runParam, schedule, scmRetryCount, scriptApproval, scriptApprovalLink, search, security, shell, simpleBuildDiscarder, slave, sourceRegexFilter, sourceWildcardFilter, sshPublicKey, standard, status, string, stringParam, swapSpace, text, textParam, timezone, tmpSpace, toolLocation, unsecured, upstream, userSeed, viewsTabBar, weather, zfs, zip] or globals [currentBuild, env, params]
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.DSL.invokeMethod(DSL.java:216)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsScript.invokeMethod(CpsScript.java:122)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedMethod.invoke(CachedMethod.java:93)
    at groovy.lang.MetaMethod.doMethodInvoke(MetaMethod.java:325)
    at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:1213)
    at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:1022)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.PogoMetaClassSite.call(PogoMetaClassSite.java:42)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.defaultCall(CallSiteArray.java:48)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:113)
    at org.kohsuke.groovy.sandbox.impl.Checker$1.call(Checker.java:163)
    at org.kohsuke.groovy.sandbox.GroovyInterceptor.onMethodCall(GroovyInterceptor.java:23)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.scriptsecurity.sandbox.groovy.SandboxInterceptor.onMethodCall(SandboxInterceptor.java:157)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.scriptsecurity.sandbox.groovy.SandboxInterceptor.onMethodCall(SandboxInterceptor.java:142)
    at org.kohsuke.groovy.sandbox.impl.Checker$1.call(Checker.java:161)
    at org.kohsuke.groovy.sandbox.impl.Checker.checkedCall(Checker.java:165)
    at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.sandbox.SandboxInvoker.methodCall(SandboxInvoker.java:17)
    at WorkflowScript.run(WorkflowScript:1)
    at ___cps.transform___(Native Method)
    at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.impl.ContinuationGroup.methodCall(ContinuationGroup.java:86)
    at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.impl.FunctionCallBlock$ContinuationImpl.dispatchOrArg(FunctionCallBlock.java:113)
    at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.impl.FunctionCallBlock$ContinuationImpl.fixArg(FunctionCallBlock.java:83)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.impl.ContinuationPtr$ContinuationImpl.receive(ContinuationPtr.java:72)
    at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.impl.ClosureBlock.eval(ClosureBlock.java:46)
    at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.Next.step(Next.java:83)
    at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.Continuable$1.call(Continuable.java:174)
    at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.Continuable$1.call(Continuable.java:163)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.GroovyCategorySupport$ThreadCategoryInfo.use(GroovyCategorySupport.java:129)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.GroovyCategorySupport.use(GroovyCategorySupport.java:268)
    at com.cloudbees.groovy.cps.Continuable.run0(Continuable.java:163)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.SandboxContinuable.access$001(SandboxContinuable.java:18)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.SandboxContinuable.run0(SandboxContinuable.java:51)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsThread.runNextChunk(CpsThread.java:185)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsThreadGroup.run(CpsThreadGroup.java:400)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsThreadGroup.access$400(CpsThreadGroup.java:96)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsThreadGroup$2.call(CpsThreadGroup.java:312)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsThreadGroup$2.call(CpsThreadGroup.java:276)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsVmExecutorService$2.call(CpsVmExecutorService.java:67)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at hudson.remoting.SingleLaneExecutorService$1.run(SingleLaneExecutorService.java:136)
    at jenkins.util.ContextResettingExecutorService$1.run(ContextResettingExecutorService.java:28)
    at jenkins.security.ImpersonatingExecutorService$1.run(ImpersonatingExecutorService.java:59)
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Finished: FAILURE

好奇为什么这是失败的。如果有java问题，詹金斯甚至不会开始。我已经安装了所有的插件，这些插件都在我阅读过的说明和一些故障排除链接中。

我怎样才能让这个工作？

Answer 1

当有人在不同的论坛上帮助我时，我遇到了答案。在这里发布，以防对其他人有用。

在 https://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/pipeline/syntax/，它说：

所有有效的声明性管道都必须包含在管道块中，例如:

pipeline {

/* insert Declarative Pipeline here */

}

因此，当我将示例脚本包装在管道{}中时，它可以工作。

Answer 2

似乎您缺少一堆管道插件。请确保安装“Pipeline”（ID：workflow-聚合器），它会安装其他管道缺失的插件。

https://plugins.jenkins.io/workflow-aggregator/#dependencies