带有JUnit测试的Android Studio

Question

更新

根据新的构建系统，层次结构应该如下所示：

MyProject/
  src/
      androidTest/
          java/
              com.example.app.test/
                  ... (source code for tests) ...
      main/
          AndroidManifest.xml
          java/
            com.example.app/
                ... (source code for main application) ...
          res/
              ... (resources for main application) ...

android {
    compileSdkVersion 19
    buildToolsVersion '19.0.1'

    defaultConfig {
        minSdkVersion 14
        targetSdkVersion 19
        testPackageName "com.example.app.test"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
        testFunctionalTest true
    }
}

sourceSets {
    main {
        manifest.srcFile 'AndroidManifest.xml'
        java.srcDirs = ['src']
        resources.srcDirs = ['src']
        aidl.srcDirs = ['src']
        renderscript.srcDirs = ['src']
        res.srcDirs = ['res']
        assets.srcDirs = ['assets']
    }

    instrumentTest.setRoot('tests')
}

 <instrumentation
    android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
    android:targetPackage="com.example.app"/>

package com.example.app.test;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class SimpleTest extends TestCase {

    public SimpleTest(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
        super.setUp();
        assertTrue(true);
    }


    public void alwaysPasses() {

    }
}

我还尝试扩展AndroidTestCase，并在两个父类中都收到了这个错误：

!!! JUnit version 3.8 or later expected:

java.lang.RuntimeException: Stub!
at junit.runner.BaseTestRunner.<init>(BaseTestRunner.java:5)
at junit.textui.TestRunner.<init>(TestRunner.java:54)
at junit.textui.TestRunner.<init>(TestRunner.java:48)
at junit.textui.TestRunner.<init>(TestRunner.java:41)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.junitVersionChecks(JUnitStarter.java:185)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.canWorkWithJUnitVersion(JUnitStarter.java:168)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:120)

我尝试用这个解决方案解决这个错误，但是项目结构模块依赖项部分没有Android 1.6平台。所以，基本上，我不知道如何在类路径中将junit依赖项移到Android依赖项之上。

Answer 1

通过将测试文件移动到被测试的（package-private）类所在的同一个包中，解决了这个问题：

MyProject/
  src/
      androidTest/
          java/
              com.example.app/
                  ... (source code for tests) ...
      main/
          AndroidManifest.xml
          java/
            com.example.app/
                ... (source code for main application) ...
          res/
              ... (resources for main application) ...