何时在单元测试中使用模拟对象

Question

public class ProcessClass {

    ArrayList<Citizen> citizenList = new ArrayList<Citizen>();

    public void addCitizen(Citizen citizen) {
        citizenList.add(citizen);
    }

    public Citizen getByName(String name) {
        for (Citizen c : citizenList) {
            if (c.getName().equals(name)) {
                return c;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

}

Answer 1

如果它们被模拟，那么由于模拟对象不包含参数，我将如何测试该方法以按其名称获取对象？

例如，可以使用mockito模拟对getname的调用：

Citizen citizen = mock(Citizen.class);
when(citizen.getName()).thenReturn("Bob");

下面是一个测试方法的示例

ProcessClass processClass = new ProcessClass();

Citizen citizen1 = mock(Citizen.class);
Citizen citizen2 = mock(Citizen.class);
Citizen citizen3 = mock(Citizen.class);

@Test
public void getByName_shouldReturnCorrectCitizen_whenPresentInList() {
    when(citizen1.getName()).thenReturn("Bob");
    when(citizen2.getName()).thenReturn("Alice");
    when(citizen3.getName()).thenReturn("John");

    processClass.addCitizen(citizen1);
    processClass.addCitizen(citizen2);
    processClass.addCitizen(citizen3);

    Assert.assertEquals(citizen2, processClass.getByName("Alice"));
}

@Test
public void getByName_shouldReturnNull_whenNotPresentInList() {
    when(citizen1.getName()).thenReturn("Bob");

    processClass.addCitizen(citizen1);

    Assert.assertNull(processClass.getByName("Ben"));
}

Citizen c = new Citizen();

City city = new City("Paris");
Citizen c = new Citizen(city);