Python：用时间戳记录操作和异常

Question

我正在写一个脚本，连接到N主机通过SSH...查询第三方系统和提取数据，然后显示所有收集的数据在一定的格式。

我希望将脚本执行的所有操作以及在控制台和日志文件中遇到的任何异常记录下来，这样用户就可以看到脚本运行时发生了什么（如果有人使用了Ansible，那么就像我们在运行playbooks时在控制台和日志中得到的输出一样）

预期产出

null

请给出建议，如果可能的话，用一个使用该技术的示例脚本。谢谢

Answer 1

您可以在这里查看一些更详细的指导。以下是我通常如何设置登录我的东西：

import logging

...

logger = logging.getLogger()
log_handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
log_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s - %(funcName)s - line %(lineno)d"))
log_handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
logger.addHandler(log_handler)
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

对于debug以上的任何事件，将产生如下输出：

2017-05-16 13:30:03,193 - root - INFO - Starting execution - main - line 35
2017-05-16 13:30:03,206 - root - DEBUG - Config file grabbed successfully - readConfig - line 71
...
2017-05-15 13:30:26,792 - root - WARNING - Reached maximum number of attempts (3) for this request; skipping request. - main - line 79
2017-05-15 13:30:26,797 - root - ERROR - Failed to grab item. Unfortunately, this is a showstopper :( - main - line 79

上面的代码是由我的应用程序的main函数中的一行代码生成的，其内容是：

logger.info("Starting execution")

logging.debug("Config file grabbed successfully")

logging.warning("Reached maximum number of attempts ({max_attempts}) for this request; skipping request.".format(max_attempts = max_tries))
...
logging.error("Failed to grab item. Unfortunately, this is a showstopper :(")

import logging

...

# Set up logging and formatting
logger = logging.getLogger()
logFormatter = logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s - %(funcName)s - line %(lineno)d")

# Set up the console handler
consoleHandler = logging.StreamHandler()
consoleHandler.setFormatter(logFormatter)
logger.addHandler(consoleHandler)

# Set up the file handler 
fileHandler = logging.FileHandler("{0}/{1}.log".format(logPath, fileName))
fileHandler.setFormatter(logFormatter)
logger.addHandler(fileHandler)

# Set up logging levels
consoleHandler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
fileHandler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)