在库中实现同步和异步方法的正确方法是什么？

Question

null

my Library的核心逻辑

客户将使用我们的库，他们将通过传递DataKeybuilder对象来调用它。然后，我们将通过使用DataKey对象构造一个URL，并通过执行该对象对该URL进行HTTP客户端调用，在将响应作为JSON字符串返回后，我们将通过创建DataResponse对象将该JSON字符串按原样发送给客户。有些客户会调用executeSynchronous()，有些可能会调用executeAsynchronous()方法，所以我需要在库中分别提供两个方法。

接口：

public interface Client {

    // for synchronous
    public DataResponse executeSynchronous(DataKey key);

    // for asynchronous
    public Future<DataResponse> executeAsynchronous(DataKey key);
}

public class DataClient implements Client {

    private RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
    private ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);

    // for synchronous call
    @Override
    public DataResponse executeSynchronous(DataKey key) {
        DataResponse dataResponse = null;
        Future<DataResponse> future = null;

        try {
            future = executeAsynchronous(key);
            dataResponse = future.get(key.getTimeout(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        } catch (TimeoutException ex) {
            PotoLogging.logErrors(ex, DataErrorEnum.TIMEOUT_ON_CLIENT, key);
            dataResponse = new DataResponse(null, DataErrorEnum.TIMEOUT_ON_CLIENT, DataStatusEnum.ERROR);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            PotoLogging.logErrors(ex, DataErrorEnum.CLIENT_ERROR, key);
            dataResponse = new DataResponse(null, DataErrorEnum.CLIENT_ERROR, DataStatusEnum.ERROR);
        }

        return dataResponse;
    }

    //for asynchronous call
    @Override
    public Future<DataResponse> executeAsynchronous(DataKey key) {
        Future<DataResponse> future = null;

        try {
            Task task = new Task(key, restTemplate);
            future = executor.submit(task); 
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            PotoLogging.logErrors(ex, DataErrorEnum.CLIENT_ERROR, key);
        }

        return future;
    }
}

public class Task implements Callable<DataResponse> {

    private DataKey key;
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    public Task(DataKey key, RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        this.key = key;
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }

    @Override
    public DataResponse call() {
        DataResponse dataResponse = null;
        String response = null;

        try {
            String url = createURL();
            response = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);

            // it is a successful response
            dataResponse = new DataResponse(response, DataErrorEnum.NONE, DataStatusEnum.SUCCESS);
        } catch (RestClientException ex) {
            PotoLogging.logErrors(ex, DataErrorEnum.SERVER_DOWN, key);
            dataResponse = new DataResponse(null, DataErrorEnum.SERVER_DOWN, DataStatusEnum.ERROR);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            PotoLogging.logErrors(ex, DataErrorEnum.CLIENT_ERROR, key);
            dataResponse = new DataResponse(null, DataErrorEnum.CLIENT_ERROR, DataStatusEnum.ERROR);
        }

        return dataResponse;
    }

    // create a URL by using key object
    private String createURL() {
        String url = somecode;
        return url;
    }
}

// if they are calling `executeSynchronous()` method
DataResponse response = DataClientFactory.getInstance().executeSynchronous(dataKey);

// and if they want to call `executeAsynchronous()` method
Future<DataResponse> response = DataClientFactory.getInstance().executeAsynchronous(dataKey);

您将如何实现同步和异步方法给定上述标准？做这件事最好的方法是什么？这个库将在非常大的负载下使用，它必须是快速的，这意味着它应该需要时间，无论我的服务器正在采取什么响应。

我是否应该在我的代码库中使用asyncresttemplate（它将是异步非阻塞体系结构）？

Answer 1

如果您正在创建一个新线程，即使在同步操作的情况下（当它实际上不是必需的时候），这将导致性能打击。您基本上是在创建新线程（读作浪费资源），甚至没有从中得到任何好处。话虽如此，我认为更好的方法是将HTTP部分包装在一个不同的类中。这样，您就可以在同步和异步情况下重新使用HTTP访问代码。

class HTTPAccess{
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    private DataKey key;

    public HTTPAccess(DataKey key,RestTemplate restTemplate){
        this.key = key;
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;

    }


    public DataResponse performRequest() {
        DataResponse dataResponse = null;        
        try {
            String url = createURL();
            response = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);

            // it is a successful response
            dataResponse = new DataResponse(response, DataErrorEnum.NONE, DataStatusEnum.SUCCESS);
        } catch (RestClientException ex) {
            PotoLogging.logErrors(ex, DataErrorEnum.SERVER_DOWN, key);
            dataResponse = new DataResponse(null, DataErrorEnum.SERVER_DOWN, DataStatusEnum.ERROR);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            PotoLogging.logErrors(ex, DataErrorEnum.CLIENT_ERROR, key);
            dataResponse = new DataResponse(null, DataErrorEnum.CLIENT_ERROR, DataStatusEnum.ERROR);
        }

        return dataResponse;
    }

    // create a URL by using key object
    private String createURL() {
        String url = somecode;
        return url;
    }

}

现在对于客户端实现，只需使用这个类。

public class DataClient implements Client {

    private ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    private void initRestClient(DataKey key){
    if(restTemplate == null)
        restTemplate = new RestTemplate(clientHttpRequestFactory(key));
    }

    private ClientHttpRequestFactory clientHttpRequestFactory(DataKey key) {
        HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory();
        factory.setReadTimeout(key.getTimeout());
        factory.setConnectTimeout(key.getTimeout());
        //if you need to set otherparams this is the place we can do it extracting from DataKey obj
        return factory;
    }

    // for synchronous call
    @Override
    public DataResponse executeSynchronous(DataKey key) {
        initRestClient(key);
        DataResponse dataResponse = new HTTPAccess(key).performRequest();
        return dataResponse;
    }

    //for asynchronous call
    @Override
    public Future<DataResponse> executeAsynchronous(final DataKey key) {
        return executor.submit(new Callable<DataResponse>() {
            @Override
            public DataResponse call() throws Exception {
                return executeSynchronous(key);
            }
        });
    }
}

这样，您的HTTP实现是完全独立的，将来如果您需要更改接收DataResponse的方式（可能是从DB调用），那么您只需要更改HTTPAccess类，其他部分不会受到影响。