在JSR 303 bean验证单元测试中，如何检查违反了哪些约束

Question

我正试图为bean验证编写一个jUnit测试。我阅读了如何使用JUnit测试类的验证注释？并编写了如下的测试代码。

我的环境：

• Sprint Boot 2.2.6
• Java11
• 断言J 3.15.0

目标Bean类：

public class Customer {

    @NotEmpty
    private String name;

    @Min(18)
    private int age;

    // getter and setter
}

JUnit测试代码：

public class CustomerValidationTest {
    private Validator validator = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory().getValidator();

    @Test
    public void test() {

        Customer customer = new Customer(null, 18);

        Set<ConstraintViolation<Customer>> violations = validator.validate(customer);
        assertThat(violations.size()).isEqualTo(1); // check violations count

        // check which constraints are violated by the message of the violation
        assertThat(violations).extracting("message").containsOnly("must not be empty");
    }
}

我想检查违反了哪些约束。现在，我检查违规信息。有更好的方法吗？

Answer 1

本教程如第7节所示。”测试。。验证..'一种很好的假设预期冲突是集合的一部分的方法。

根据您的测试框架，这可能是一种需要遵循的策略。

@Test public void validatingObject() {
    Car car = new Car();
    Set<ConstraintViolation> violations = validator.validate(car);
    assertThat(violations.size()).isEqualTo(1);

    assertThat(violations)
      .anyMatch(havingPropertyPath("customerPropertyPathForCarViolation")
      .and(havingMessage("message of desired violation"))); }

Answer 2

在您的小型测试设置中，您可能能够监督是否发生了准确且仅发生了一次违规。

assertThat(violations.size()).isEqualTo(1);

和

.containsOnly("must not be empty")

然而，在更大的设置中，情况可能并非如此。您实际上想做的是断言您预期的违规存在。

使用Testframework junit jupiter api:5.6.2，我的测试如下：

public class CustomerValidationTest {
private static Validator validator;
private static ValidatorFactory factory;

@org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach
void setUp() {
    Locale.setDefault(Locale.ENGLISH);  //expecting english error messages
    factory = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory();
    validator = factory.getValidator();
}

@org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach
void tearDown() {
    factory.close();
}

@org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
public void testContainsEmptyNameViolation() {

    Customer customer = new Customer(null, 18);

    //perform validation
    Set<ConstraintViolation<Customer>> constraintViolations = validator.validate(customer);

    boolean hasExpectedPropertyPath = constraintViolations.stream()
            .map(ConstraintViolation::getPropertyPath)
            .map(Path::toString)
            .anyMatch("name"::equals);
    boolean hasExpectedViolationMessage = constraintViolations.stream()
            .map(ConstraintViolation::getMessage)
            .anyMatch("must not be empty"::equals);

    assertAll(
            () -> assertFalse(constraintViolations.isEmpty()),
            () -> assertTrue(hasExpectedPropertyPath),
            () -> assertTrue(hasExpectedViolationMessage)
    );

即使你要求AssertJ，我希望这可能仍然对你有帮助。