如何将报表导出到PDF/A-1A、PDF/A-1B？

Question

在jasper-report中生成PDF/A包含许多缺陷，并且在某些版本的jasper-report中不受支持。这就是为什么我决定传递这篇问答文章的原因，它指出了将一个带有图形的简单报表导出到PDF/a所必需的步骤和库版本

示例数据（usersrep.csv）

+----------------+--------+
|      User      |  Rep   |
+----------------+--------+
| Jon Skeet      | 854503 |
| Darin Dimitrov | 652133 |
| BalusC         | 639753 |
| Hans Passant   | 616871 |
| Me             |   5640 |
+----------------+--------+

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jasperReport xmlns="http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/xsd/jasperreport.xsd" name="reputation" pageWidth="595" pageHeight="842" columnWidth="555" leftMargin="20" rightMargin="20" topMargin="20" bottomMargin="20" uuid="a88bd694-4f90-41fc-84d0-002b90b2d73e">
    <queryString>
        <![CDATA[]]>
    </queryString>
    <field name="User" class="java.lang.String"/>
    <field name="Rep" class="java.lang.Long"/>
    <columnHeader>
        <band height="20" splitType="Stretch">
            <staticText>
                <reportElement x="0" y="0" width="100" height="20" uuid="9e7b5f50-5795-4c95-a122-f14f2e3f9366"/>
                <box leftPadding="3" bottomPadding="0" rightPadding="3">
                    <pen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <topPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <leftPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <bottomPen lineWidth="0.5" lineStyle="Double"/>
                    <rightPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                </box>
                <textElement verticalAlignment="Middle">
                    <font fontName="SansSerif" isBold="true"/>
                </textElement>
                <text><![CDATA[User]]></text>
            </staticText>
            <staticText>
                <reportElement x="100" y="0" width="100" height="20" uuid="4a6f0a2a-d9b5-4e74-a9e8-0f965336f2bf"/>
                <box leftPadding="3" bottomPadding="0" rightPadding="3">
                    <pen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <topPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <leftPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <bottomPen lineWidth="0.5" lineStyle="Double"/>
                    <rightPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                </box>
                <textElement textAlignment="Right" verticalAlignment="Middle">
                    <font fontName="SansSerif" isBold="true"/>
                </textElement>
                <text><![CDATA[Reputation]]></text>
            </staticText>
        </band>
    </columnHeader>
    <detail>
        <band height="20" splitType="Stretch">
            <textField>
                <reportElement x="0" y="0" width="100" height="20" uuid="8ff583b9-88dc-4726-85e1-16d79de78095"/>
                <box leftPadding="3" bottomPadding="0" rightPadding="3">
                    <pen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <topPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <leftPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <bottomPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <rightPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                </box>
                <textElement verticalAlignment="Middle">
                    <font fontName="SansSerif"/>
                </textElement>
                <textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$F{User}]]></textFieldExpression>
            </textField>
            <textField>
                <reportElement x="100" y="0" width="100" height="20" uuid="ebd33b2f-7297-41c2-9dc7-78ff472890c4"/>
                <box leftPadding="3" bottomPadding="0" rightPadding="3">
                    <pen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <topPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <leftPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <bottomPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                    <rightPen lineWidth="0.25"/>
                </box>
                <textElement textAlignment="Right" verticalAlignment="Middle">
                    <font fontName="SansSerif"/>
                </textElement>
                <textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$F{Rep}]]></textFieldExpression>
            </textField>
        </band>
    </detail>
    <pageFooter>
        <band height="140">
            <pieChart>
                <chart isShowLegend="false">
                    <reportElement x="225" y="-670" width="320" height="140" uuid="23bd26a6-04a4-406f-8a1a-5e1b260cb75d"/>
                    <chartTitle/>
                    <chartSubtitle/>
                    <chartLegend/>
                </chart>
                <pieDataset>
                    <keyExpression><![CDATA[$F{User}]]></keyExpression>
                    <valueExpression><![CDATA[$F{Rep}]]></valueExpression>
                </pieDataset>
                <piePlot>
                    <plot/>
                    <itemLabel/>
                </piePlot>
            </pieChart>
        </band>
    </pageFooter>
</jasperReport>

JasperReport report = JasperCompileManager.compileReport("reputation.jrxml");
JRCsvDataSource datasource = new JRCsvDataSource("usersRep.csv");
datasource.setFieldDelimiter(';');
datasource.setUseFirstRowAsHeader(true);

JasperPrint jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(report, new HashMap<String, Object>(),datasource);

JRPdfExporter exporter = new JRPdfExporter();
exporter.setExporterInput(new SimpleExporterInput(jasperPrint));
exporter.setExporterOutput(new SimpleOutputStreamExporterOutput("reputation.pdf"));
SimplePdfExporterConfiguration configuration = new SimplePdfExporterConfiguration();
configuration.setMetadataAuthor("Me and only me");
exporter.setConfiguration(configuration);
exporter.exportReport();

如果将报告导出为pdf，我需要做什么来生成pdf/A-1A？

Answer 1

需要JasperReports库4.1.2.3或更高版本(6.0.0中已停止支持，请参阅末尾的NullPointerException)。

这些步骤是生成PDF/a所需要的，它们可以通过java代码或将jrxmlproperty设置为根标记（jasper-server支持）来实现。我将展示这两种方法，但只有一种方法是必要的。

#设置PDF/A一致性

configuration.setPdfaConformance(PdfaConformanceEnum.PDFA_1A); // or PdfaConformanceEnum.PDFA_1B

<property name="net.sf.jasperreports.export.pdfa.conformance" value="pdfa1a" />

#设置ICC配置文件

避免jrpdfaiccprofileNotfoundexception：ICC配置文件对JVM不可用

Java

configuration.setIccProfilePath("srgb.icc");

<property name="net.sf.jasperreports.export.pdfa.icc.profile.path" value="srgb.icc" />

com.lowagie.text.pdf.PdfXConformanceException: All the fonts must be embedded. This one isn't: Helvetica

在jrxml中包含默认样式，指示包含在字体扩展中的fontname，例如

<style name="default" isDefault="true" fontName="DejaVu Sans"/>

#删除不允许的透明对象和层（可选内容组）

避免PDFXConformanceException：不允许透明

java prettyprint-override">public class NoTransparencyCustomizer implements JRChartCustomizer{
    @Override
    public void customize(JFreeChart chart, JRChart jrchart) {
        PiePlot plot = (PiePlot) chart.getPlot();
        plot.setLabelShadowPaint(Color.GRAY);       
    }
}

configuration.setTagged(true);
configuration.setTagLanguage("en-us");

<property name="net.sf.jasperreports.export.pdf.tagged" value="true" />
<property name="net.sf.jasperreports.export.pdf.tag.language" value="en-us"/>

#结果

这是实现上述操作的结果，将fontname切换到dejavu sans并使用捆绑的jasperreports-fonts.jar作为font-extension。已在PDF/A-1A和PDF/A-1B的pdf-tools上成功验证

对我来说没有一块蛋糕

Validating file "reputation.pdf" for conformance level pdfa-1a
dc:description/*[0] :: Missing language qualifier.
dc:title/*[0] :: Missing language qualifier.
The XMP property 'dc:title' is not synchronized with the document information entry 'Title'.
The XMP property 'dc:description' is not synchronized with the document information entry 'Subject'.

configuration.setMetadataTitle("Title");
configuration.setMetadataSubject("Subject");

在jasper report version 6.0.0中停止支持，始终抛出com.itextpdf.text.pdf.internal.pdfa1Checker.CheckpdfObject处的NullPointerException。在6.0.4及以上版本中已经解决了这一问题（参见Jasper报告跟踪器）。