在java中获取值表单“get and set”

Question

使用以下字段设计薪资类：

•name:包含员工姓名的字符串•idNumber：表示员工ID号的int值•rate:包含员工时薪率的double值•hours:表示该员工工作时数的int值

类还应具有以下方法：

         import java.util.Scanner;

     public class Payroll
     {
        private String EmployeeName;
        private int IDnumber;
        private double HourlyPayRate;
        private double TotalHoursWorked;
        private double TotalGrossPay;

        public Payroll(String Name, int ID, double HourlyRate, double HoursWorked)
        {
            EmployeeName = Name;
            IDnumber = ID;
        }
        public String getEmployeeName()
        {
            return EmployeeName;
        }
        public int getIDnumber()
        {
            return IDnumber;
        }
        public void setHourlyPayRate(double HourlyRate)
        {
            HourlyPayRate = HourlyRate;
        }
        public double getHourlyPayRate()
        {
            return HourlyPayRate;
        }
        public void setTotalHoursWorked(double HoursWorked)
        {
            TotalHoursWorked = HoursWorked;
        }
        public double getTotalHoursWorked()
        {
            return TotalHoursWorked;
        }
        public void setTotalGrossPay(double GrossPay)
        {
            TotalGrossPay = GrossPay;
        }
        public double getTotalGrossPay(double HourlyRate, double HoursWorked)
        {
            TotalGrossPay = HourlyRate * HoursWorked;
           return TotalGrossPay;
        }


        public static void main(String[] args)
        {
            String EmployeeName;
            int IDnumber;
            double TotalHoursWorked;
            double HourlyPayRate;
            double TotalGrossPay;

           Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);

            System.out.print("Enter employee's name:");
            EmployeeName = keyboard.nextLine();

            System.out.print("Enter employee's ID number:" );
            IDnumber = keyboard.nextInt();

            System.out.print("Enter hourly rate:");
            HourlyPayRate = keyboard.nextDouble();

            System.out.print("Enter number of hours worked:");
            TotalHoursWorked = keyboard.nextDouble();

            Payroll pay = new Payroll(EmployeeName, IDnumber, HourlyPayRate, TotalHoursWorked);

            System.out.print(EmployeeName + ", " + "employee number " + IDnumber + ", made $" + 
           pay.TotalGrossPay + " in gross pay.");
       }
  }

谢谢你的帮助...

Answer 1

TotalGrosspay是一个计算值，除非调用方法来计算它，否则它将保持为默认值(0)

事实上，您不应该存储这个值，因为它的值实际上是由其他字段的计算决定的。

从类中删除totalgrosspay字段，编写一个简单的“getter”来计算值并返回它...

public double getTotalGrossPay()
{
    return HourlyRate * HoursWorked;
}

作为一般的经验法则，您不应该直接访问字段，而应该始终通过方法访问它们的值（设置/获取

另外，不要忽略传递给构造函数的值...

public Payroll(String Name, int ID, double HourlyRate, double HoursWorked)
{
    EmployeeName = Name;
    IDnumber = ID;
    // What about HourlyRate and HoursWorked??
}

或者让用户提供这些vai设置器，或者在您的构造函数中分配它们（是的，您可以使用这些设置器在事件发生后更改值...）

public Payroll(String Name, int ID, double HourlyRate, double HoursWorked)
{
    EmployeeName = Name;
    IDnumber = ID;
    this.HourlyRate = HourlyRate;
    this.HoursWorked = HoursWorked;
}