Spring问题：创建bean时出错，注入autowired依赖项失败

Question

所以我正在尝试学习spring，我已经读了很多教程，并且尝试从闪存驱动器中的一个项目中复制一些代码。

我已经设置了tomcat，它的工作发现，但我仍然有一些问题在这里。问题是，我通常可以毫无问题地从浏览器访问控制器的操作，但当我开始添加注释和ContextLoaderListener时，它一直给我404的状态。我不知道我做了什么，但通过调整一些事情，我的浏览器至少尝试再次到达控制器。但会抛出一个巨大的错误日志,我将在本文末尾与大家分享。

这些是我的依赖项：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
                         http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
     version="3.0">
<display-name>Spring Web MVC Application</display-name>

<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>
        classpath*:WEB-INF/application-context.xml
        classpath*:WEB-INF/persistence-context.xml
    </param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/api/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

我的mvc-dispatcher-servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

<context:component-scan base-package="com.ve" use-default-filters="false">
    <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>

<mvc:annotation-driven>
    <mvc:message-converters>
        <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
            <property name="objectMapper">
                <bean class="com.ve.main.HibernateAwareObjectMapper" />
            </property>
        </bean>
    </mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>

<bean id="documentationController" class="org.jsondoc.springmvc.controller.JSONDocController">
    <constructor-arg name="version" value="1.0"/>
    <constructor-arg name="basePath" value="http://localhost:4848/spring2"/>
    <constructor-arg name="packages">
    <list>
    <value>com.ve</value>
    </list>
    </constructor-arg>
</bean>

我的应用程序-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

<context:component-scan base-package="com.ve" use-default-filters="false">
    <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository" />
    <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service" />
</context:component-scan>

我的持久性-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
    xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my_database" />
    <property name="username" value="my_actual_db_user" />
    <property name="password" value="my_actual_db_password" />
</bean>

<bean id="persistenceUnitManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.persistenceunit.DefaultPersistenceUnitManager">
    <property name="defaultDataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>

<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
    <property name="persistenceUnitManager" ref="persistenceUnitManager" />
    <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="persistenceUnit" />
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

<jpa:repositories base-package="com.ve" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager" />

package com.ve.common.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.ve.common.service.StockService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/stock")
public class StockController {

    @Autowired
    private StockService stockService;

    public StockController(){}

    @RequestMapping(value="/list", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces={"application/json","application/xml"})
    @ResponseBody
    public String findAllStocks(){
        return "stocks";
    }
}

package com.ve.common.service;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.ve.common.model.Stock;
import com.ve.common.repo.StockRepository;

@Service
public class StockService {

    @Autowired
    private StockRepository stockRepository;

    StockService(){}

    List<Stock> findStock(){
        return (List<Stock>) stockRepository.findAll();
    }
}

package com.ve.common.repo;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.ve.common.model.Stock;

@Repository
public interface StockRepository extends CrudRepository<Stock, Integer> {

    List<Stock> findByStockName(String stockName);

    Stock findByStockId(Integer stockId);
}

HTTP状态500-servlet MVC的servlet.init（）-Dispatcher引发异常

类型异常报告

servlet MVC的消息servlet.init（）-Dispatcher引发异常

根本原因

我对过度的代码阻塞和blockquoting表示歉意，但我认为我提供的信息越多，就能得到越好的帮助。我事先感谢任何能帮我的人。

Answer 1

org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException：没有[com.ve.common.service.StockService]类型的合格bean

错误本身表示SpringContainer找不到名为StockService的bean。因此，您可以在applicationcontext.xml文件中创建bean，也可以使用@bean注释声明bean。

@autowired:这个注释允许您不在applicationcontext.xml中显式声明bean。但是您必须使用@bean注释创建要自动连接的类的bean，并在xml中添加 以知道bean是使用@bean注释创建的。

声明Bean：要声明Bean，请使用@Bean注释对方法进行注释，如下所示

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
    @Bean
    public StockService stockService() {
        return new StockServiceImpl();
    }
}

这等同于在applicationcontext.xml中声明bean

<beans>
    <bean name="stockService" class="com.ve.common.service.StockServiceImpl"/>
</beans>

或

<context:annotation-config />

<bean class ="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/>

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