如何断开Gmail API服务实例？

Question

    def gmailAPIInitialize(self): 
    try: 
        self.waitForInternet()
        logging.info("Initializing the Gmail API Service")
        creds = None
        # The file token.pickle stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
        # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
        # time.
        if os.path.exists('token.pickle'):
            with open('token.pickle', 'rb') as token:
                creds = pickle.load(token)
        # If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.
        if not creds or not creds.valid:
            if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
                creds.refresh(Request())
                with open('token.pickle', 'wb') as token:
                    pickle.dump(creds, token)
            else:
                logging.error("Unable to find token.pickle file to initialize Gmail Service. Please provide 'token.pickle' file in current directory")
                sys.exit(-1)
                #flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
                    #'credentials.json', SCOPES)
                #creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)
            # Save the credentials for the next run
        service = build('gmail', 'v1', credentials=creds, cache_discovery=False)
        self.gmailAPIService  = service 
        logging.info("Successfully initialized the Gmail API Service")
        return True
    except: 
        logging.error("An error was encountered while attempting to initialize the Gmail API")
        tb = traceback.format_exc()
        logging.exception(tb)
        return False

currentTime =  datetime.datetime.now()
            if  currentTime > nextRefresh:
                logging.info("Refreshing Gmail Connection")
                nextRefresh = currentTime + timeDeltaResult
                reinitalized = self.gmailAPIInitialize()
                if reinitalized is True: 
                    logging.error("Successfully Refreshed Gmail connection")
                else:
                    logging.error("Failed to Refresh Gmail connection")
                logging.info("Next Refresh time is at (" + nextRefresh.strftime("%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S") +")")
                
       #RUN MY CALLS AS USUAL TO GMAIL SERVICE

Answer 1

• socket.timeout在等待响应的单个数据包时超过超时窗口时会出现错误。
• 为了保持连接打开，您需要使用服务帐户。

当在实际接收数据包之前超过接收预期的新数据包之前的时间时,就会出现套接字超时错误。由于这只发生在开放/连续连接，如果您没有足够频繁地向Gmail API发出请求，那么这很可能是错误的来源。我不确定这是多久一次，但鉴于您的刷新是每6个小时，我希望这是长于令牌的寿命。

您建立的到服务器的连接将为您提供一个授权令牌，该令牌在需要续订之前具有有限的寿命。但是，您收到的刷新令牌在某些情况下可能会过期，例如，如果您有多个应用程序实例并行运行。

和：

请求离线访问是任何需要在用户不在场时访问Google API的应用程序的一个要求。例如，在预定时间执行备份服务或执行操作的应用程序需要能够在用户不在场时刷新其访问令牌

因此，为了保持刷新令牌的有效性，在调用授权流时，需要将access_type关键字参数设置为offline。

authorization_url, state = flow.authorization_url(
    # Enable offline access so that you can refresh an access token without
    # re-prompting the user for permission. Recommended for web server apps.
    access_type='offline',
    # Enable incremental authorization. Recommended as a best practice.
    include_granted_scopes='true')

• 了解服务帐户云IAM文档
• 服务帐户云IAM文档
• 将OAuth2用于Web服务器应用程序
  • 刷新访问令牌（脱机访问）

  >

• ConnectionTimeout与SocketTimeout

• 谷歌API：如何延长访问令牌的有效期？

  如何在Python中使用服务帐户对谷歌云进行身份验证？