多态xml的验证问题

Question

我们在根模式中定义了一些抽象元素，例如：

<xs:complexType name="Abstract1" abstract="true">
   <xs:sequence minOccurs="0">
      <xs:element name="absName1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
   </xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>

...然后扩展如下：

<xs:complexType name="Extension1">
   <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="root:Abstract1">
         <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element name="extName1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
         </xs:sequence>
      </xs:extension>
   </xs:complexContent>
</xs:complexType>

这些元素在我们的xml文件中使用：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<root xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="https://example.com"
    xmlns:ext="https://ext.example.com"
    xsi:schemaLocation="https://example.com ../xsd/root.xsd
      https://ext.example.com ../xsd/ext1.xsd">
    <test1
        testTC="Test Case 1.1 - tag injection with same names using type casting, abstract type">
        <extension1 xsi:type="ext:Extension1">
            <absName1>Test Case 1.1 - absName1 from Abstract1 Type inhereted by Extension1</absName1>
            <ext:extName1>Test Case 1.1 - extName1 from Extension1</ext:extName1>
        </extension1>
        <extension1 xsi:type="ext:Extension11">
            <absName1>Test Case 1.1 - absName1 from Abstract1 Type inhereted by Extension11</absName1>
            <ext:extName11>Test Case 1.1 - extName11 from Extension11</ext:extName11>
        </extension1>
    </test1>
</root>

然而，当我尝试使用Saxon命令行验证xml时，我得到以下错误消息：

$ java com.saxonica.Validate --multipleSchemaImports:on -s:tc1.xml -xsd:"../xsd/ext1.xsd;../xsd/root.xsd"

Validation error on line 7 column 92 of tc1.xml:
  FORG0001: In content of element <root>: The content model does not allow element <test1>
  to appear as the first child. The element is in namespace https://example.com but it
  should be in no namespace. 
  See http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/#cvc-complex-type clause 2.4
Validation error on line 9 column 14 of tc1.xml:
  FORG0001: In content of element <extension1>: The content model does not allow element
  <absName1> to appear as the first child. The element is in namespace https://example.com
  but it should be in no namespace. 
  See http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/#cvc-complex-type clause 2.4
Validation error on line 13 column 14 of tc1.xml:
  FORG0001: In content of element <extension1>: The content model does not allow element
  <absName1> to appear as the first child. The element is in namespace https://example.com
  but it should be in no namespace. 
  See http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/#cvc-complex-type clause 2.4
Validation error on line 20 column 17 of tc1.xml:
  FORG0001: In content of element <extension2>: The content model does not allow element
  <nonAbsName2> to appear as the first child. The element is in namespace
  https://example.com but it should be in no namespace. 
  See http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/#cvc-complex-type clause 2.4
Validation error on line 24 column 17 of tc1.xml:
  FORG0001: In content of element <extension2>: The content model does not allow element
  <nonAbsName2> to appear as the first child. The element is in namespace
  https://example.com but it should be in no namespace. 
  See http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/#cvc-complex-type clause 2.4
Error on line 28 column 8 of tc1.xml:
  XQDY0027  Five validation errors were reported. First error: In content of element <root>:
  The content model does not allow element <test1> to appear as the first child. The element
  is in namespace https://example.com but it should be in no namespace. 
Validation of file tc1.xml completed: errors found

这里有一个指向实际示例文件的链接，供参考：xml/root模式-ext模式

任何帮助将不胜感激：）

Answer 1

你眼前的问题可以通过添加

elementFormDefault="qualified"

到XSD的xs:schema元素。要获得更深入的解释，请参阅elementFormDefault在XSD中做了什么？

还有其他验证问题。如果他们的解决方案对你来说不明显，发布一个新问题，最好是一个完整的独立于非现场资源的MCVE。