chromedriver:chromedriver Selenium无法通过Java在会话null上执行二进制文件和严重的转发新闻会话到远程

Question

我有一个服务，它使用selenium启动一个使用chrome无头模式的chrome webdriver。该应用程序通过tomcat8启动。我可以在我的mac电脑上运行这项服务而不会出现问题。

但是，一旦我通过AWS Elastic Beanstek将其部署到ec2节点，Web驱动程序就无法正常启动：

28-Feb-2019 03:32:48.944 SEVERE [http-nio-8080-exec-7] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke Servlet.service() for servlet [registerCustomer] in context with path [] threw exception
 org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Timed out waiting for driver server to start.
Build info: version: '3.8.1', revision: '6e95a6684b', time: '2017-12-01T18:33:54.468Z'
System info: host: 'ip-172-31-16-234', ip: '172.31.16.234', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.14.97-74.72.amzn1.x86_64', java.version: '1.8.0_191'
Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.waitUntilAvailable(DriverService.java:192)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.start(DriverService.java:178)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:79)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:601)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:219)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:142)
    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:181)
    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:168)
    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:157)
    at com.christina.insbot.factory.BrowserDriverFactory.createWebDriver(BrowserDriverFactory.java:64)
    at com.christina.insbot.service.InsBot.<init>(InsBot.java:86)
    at com.christina.insbot.service.servlet.RegisterCustomerService.doPost(RegisterCustomerService.java:93)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:661)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:742)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:198)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:493)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteIpValve.invoke(RemoteIpValve.java:685)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:650)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:800)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:800)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1471)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.net.UrlChecker$TimeoutException: Timed out waiting for [http://localhost:13611/status] to be available after 20010 ms
    at org.openqa.selenium.net.UrlChecker.waitUntilAvailable(UrlChecker.java:100)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.waitUntilAvailable(DriverService.java:187)
    ... 36 more
Caused by: java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:205)
    at com.google.common.util.concurrent.SimpleTimeLimiter.callWithTimeout(SimpleTimeLimiter.java:147)
    at org.openqa.selenium.net.UrlChecker.waitUntilAvailable(UrlChecker.java:75)
    ... 37 more

CATALINA错误：

/var/lib/tomcat8/webapps/ROOT/webdriver/chromedriver: /var/lib/tomcat8/webapps/ROOT/webdriver/chromedriver: cannot execute binary file
28-Feb-2019 03:32:48.926 SEVERE [Forwarding newSession on session null to remote] org.openqa.selenium.os.OsProcess.checkForError org.apache.commons.exec.ExecuteException: Process exited with an error: 126 (Exit value: 126)

我启动网络驱动程序的方式是这样的：

        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
        // "--headless",
        options.addArguments("--disable-gpu", "--window-size=1920,1200",
                "--ignore-certificate-errors", "--silent");

        if (useHeadlessMode) {
            options.addArguments("--headless");
        }


        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", EnvironmentInitialization.obtainChromeDriverPath());

        webDriver = new ChromeDriver(options);

Answer 1

此错误消息。。。

28-Feb-2019 03:32:48.944 SEVERE [http-nio-8080-exec-7] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke Servlet.service() for servlet [registerCustomer] in context with path [] threw exception
 org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Timed out waiting for driver server to start.
Build info: version: '3.8.1', revision: '6e95a6684b', time: '2017-12-01T18:33:54.468Z'
System info: host: 'ip-172-31-16-234', ip: '172.31.16.234', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.14.97-74.72.amzn1.x86_64', java.version: '1.8.0_191'
Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver

…意味着您的程序无法在无头模式下启动/生成新的ChromeDriver服务。

此外，此错误消息。。。

/var/lib/tomcat8/webapps/ROOT/webdriver/chromedriver: /var/lib/tomcat8/webapps/ROOT/webdriver/chromedriver: cannot execute binary file
28-Feb-2019 03:32:48.926 SEVERE [Forwarding newSession on session null to remote] org.openqa.selenium.os.OsProcess.checkForError org.apache.commons.exec.ExecuteException: Process exited with an error: 126 (Exit value: 126)

…意味着您的程序无法执行chromedriver二进制文件，因此将空会话转发到RemoteWebServer。

更多关于ChromeDriver和ChromeBrowser版本的信息可以帮助我们更好地调试您的问题。然而，您需要注意以下几个事实：

• 根据Headless：使--disable-gpu标志不必要--disable-gpu标志在Linux系统和MacOS上不需要。
• 根据SwiftShader，在无头模式下Windows上的断言失败--disable-gpu标志在Windows系统上也将变得不必要。
• 您正在使用'2017-12-01T18:33:54.468Z'的Selenium v3.8.1
• 但是您的JDK版本java.version更新得多：'1.8.0_191'
• 几乎可以肯定，您的程序正试图以ROOT用户的身份生成ChromeDriver进程。

• 将JDK升级到最新级别JDK 8u201。

您可以在以下网站找到相关讨论：

• UnreachableBrowserException：无法启动新会话。可能的原因是使用Selenium Grid的远程服务器地址无效
• 远程WebDriver UnreachableBrowserException：无法启动新会话