在Python中捕获PyCharm停止信号

Question

我想在try块中捕获PyCharm的stop信号(当stop被按下时),但是我不知道这个信号是什么或者如何在代码中捕获它。JetBrains在他们的文档中没有提供这方面的见解。

我尝试将其捕获为BaseException，但它似乎根本不是异常。

这在编程上是完全可以捕获的吗？

Answer 1

我无法复制其他答案，因为停止按钮作为键盘中断发送。我相信停止按钮在不同版本的PyCharm和操作系统上有可能以不同的方式实现（我在Linux，不同的答案似乎是Windows，但我在很多方面都不确定）

在我看来，似乎正在发送一个kill信号，并且它似乎不像捕捉那样作为一个异常工作(对我来说)。然而，通过参考这篇关于在Python中捕捉kill信号并优雅地杀死它的文章，我多少捕捉到了一个kill信号。下面是我用的代码。当我按下stop按钮时，我看到< code>Hello world，但没有看到< code>foobar。

此外，通过这样做，handler_stop_signals中的断点无法捕获调试器，但我确实看到了文本。所以我不确定这是否真的能回答你的问题，基于你的需求。还要注意的是，我从未真正编写过这样的代码（使用全局变量），但这是我能想到的最简单的答案。

import signal
import time

run = True

def handler_stop_signals(signum, frame):
    global run
    print("Hello world")
    run = False

signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, handler_stop_signals)
signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, handler_stop_signals)

while run:
    try:
        time.sleep(20) # do stuff including other IO stuff
    except: BaseException as e:
        print('foobar')

Answer 2

当您按下stop按钮并记录或检查回溯时，您可以捕获异常。然而，当您运行调试器< code>pydev.py时，发生的情况是您正在启动一个客户端/服务器进程，该进程将作为客户端执行您的程序。启动调试器时，请注意控制台:

C:\path_to_your_python_binary\python.exe "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.2\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\pydevd.py" --multiproc --qt-support=auto --client 127.0.0.1 --port 51438 --file C:/path_to/your_module.py C:\path_to_working_directory
Connected to pydev debugger (build 212.5080.64)

通过按stop，您实际上终止了< code>pydev.py服务器进程，因此调试器不会像往常一样冻结在您的modules except子句上。您可以通过按下以下代码片段的print语句中的stop按钮并打印或记录traceback来验证它(示例代码改编自该答案)。

try:
    print("Press stop button here.")
except BaseException as err:
    raise Exception('Smelly socks').with_traceback(err.__traceback__)

请参阅屏幕截图：

堆栈跟踪将给出：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/path_to/your_module.py", line 2, in <module>
    print("Press stop button here.")
  File "C:/path_to/your_module.py", line 2, in <module>
    print("Press stop button here.")
  File "_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.pyx", line 1589, in _pydevd_bundle.pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.ThreadTracer.__call__
  File "_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.pyx", line 929, in _pydevd_bundle.pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.PyDBFrame.trace_dispatch
  File "_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.pyx", line 920, in _pydevd_bundle.pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.PyDBFrame.trace_dispatch
  File "_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.pyx", line 317, in _pydevd_bundle.pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.PyDBFrame.do_wait_suspend
  File "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.2\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\pydevd.py", line 1147, in do_wait_suspend
    self._do_wait_suspend(thread, frame, event, arg, suspend_type, from_this_thread)
  File "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.2\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\pydevd.py", line 1162, in _do_wait_suspend
    time.sleep(0.01)
KeyboardInterrupt

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.2\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\pydevd.py", line 2173, in <module>
    main()
  File "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.2\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\pydevd.py", line 2164, in main
    globals = debugger.run(setup['file'], None, None, is_module)
  File "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.2\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\pydevd.py", line 1476, in run
    return self._exec(is_module, entry_point_fn, module_name, file, globals, locals)
  File "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.2\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\pydevd.py", line 1483, in _exec
    pydev_imports.execfile(file, globals, locals)  # execute the script
  File "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.2\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\_pydev_imps\_pydev_execfile.py", line 18, in execfile
    exec(compile(contents+"\n", file, 'exec'), glob, loc)
  File "C:/path_to/your_module.py", line 4, in <module>
    raise Exception('Smelly socks').with_traceback(err.__traceback__)
  File "C:/path_to/your_module.py ", line 2, in <module>
    print("Press stop button here.")
  File "C:/path_to/your_module.py ", line 2, in <module>
    print("Press stop button here.")
  File "_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.pyx", line 1589, in _pydevd_bundle.pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.ThreadTracer.__call__
  File "_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.pyx", line 929, in _pydevd_bundle.pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.PyDBFrame.trace_dispatch
  File "_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.pyx", line 920, in _pydevd_bundle.pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.PyDBFrame.trace_dispatch
  File "_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.pyx", line 317, in _pydevd_bundle.pydevd_cython_win32_39_64.PyDBFrame.do_wait_suspend
  File "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.2\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\pydevd.py", line 1147, in do_wait_suspend
    self._do_wait_suspend(thread, frame, event, arg, suspend_type, from_this_thread)
  File "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2019.3.2\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\pydevd.py", line 1162, in _do_wait_suspend
    time.sleep(0.01)
Exception: Smelly socks

Process finished with exit code 1

堆栈跟踪显示的是当您按下停止按钮时抛出的异常是一个KeyboardInterrup，但您也可以使用异常层次结构中更高的异常（例如BaseException）编写catch子句，结果是一样的。