创建名为“jobLauncherTestUtils”的bean时出错：通过方法“setJob”表示的未满足的依赖关系

Question

我有一个配置为从一个数据库读取数据并在另一个数据库上写入的作业。我的工作配置有一个具有此配置的作业bean：

@Configuration
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class JobConfiguration {
    private static final String JOB_NAME = "loadCompanyCountryJob";
    private static final String STEP_NAME = "loadCompanyCountryStep";
    private static final int CHUNK_COMMIT_SIZE = 100;

    @Bean
    public Job job(JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory,
                   StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory,
                   ItemReader<SourceEntity> itemReader,
                   ItemProcessor<SourceEntity, DestinationEntity> itemProcessor,
                   ItemWriter<DestinationEntity> itemWriter
    ) {
        Step step = stepBuilderFactory.get(STEP_NAME)
                .<SourceEntity, DestinationEntity>chunk(CHUNK_COMMIT_SIZE)
                .reader(itemReader)
                .processor(itemProcessor)
                .writer(itemWriter)
                .build();
        return jobBuilderFactory.get(JOB_NAME)
                .incrementer(new RunIdIncrementer())
                .start(step)
                .build();
    }

}

现在我想为这个作业创建一个测试类：

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBatchTest
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = JobConfiguration.class)
@TestExecutionListeners({ DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class,
        DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class})
@DirtiesContext(classMode = DirtiesContext.ClassMode.AFTER_CLASS)
public class SpringBatchJobTest {

    @Autowired
    private JobLauncherTestUtils jobLauncherTestUtils;

    @Autowired
    private JobRepositoryTestUtils jobRepositoryTestUtils;

    @Before
    public void clearJobExecutions() {
        this.jobRepositoryTestUtils.removeJobExecutions();
    }

    @Test
    public void givenReferenceOutput_whenJobExecuted_thenSuccess() throws Exception {
        // given
        JobParameters jobParameters = this.jobLauncherTestUtils.getUniqueJobParameters();

        // when
        JobExecution jobExecution = this.jobLauncherTestUtils.launchJob(jobParameters);
        JobInstance actualJobInstance = jobExecution.getJobInstance();
        ExitStatus actualJobExitStatus = jobExecution.getExitStatus();

        // then
        Assert.assertEquals(ExitStatus.COMPLETED, jobExecution.getExitStatus());
    }
....

但当我尝试开始测试时，我面临一个错误：

起因：组织。springframework。豆。工厂UnsatifiedPendencyException:创建com中定义了名为“job”的bean时出错。特写国际。cpoprocessbatch。工作JobConfiguration：通过方法“job”参数2表示的未满足依赖关系；嵌套的异常是org。springframework。豆。工厂NoSuchBean定义异常：没有“org”类型的合格bean。springframework。一批项目项目阅读器

我如何创建此作业的测试？我用一个H2数据库来模拟这个数据库。

Answer 1

我更改了JobConfiguration的实现：

    @Bean
    public Job job(JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory, StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory
    ) {
        log.info("Called job configuration");
        return jobBuilderFactory.get(JOB_NAME)
                .incrementer(new RunIdIncrementer())
                .start(loadCompanyCountryStep(stepBuilderFactory))
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Step loadCompanyCountryStep(StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory){
        log.info("Called step configuration");
        return stepBuilderFactory.get(STEP_NAME)
                .<SourceEntity, DestinationEntity>chunk(CHUNK_COMMIT_SIZE)
                .reader(reader())
                .processor(processor())
                .writer(writer())
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public CompanyCountryItemReader reader() {
        log.info("Creating an CompanyCountryItemReader");
        return new CompanyCountryItemReader();
    }

    @Bean
    public CompanyCountryItemProcessor processor() {
        log.info("Creating an CompanyCountryItemProcessor");
        return new CompanyCountryItemProcessor();
    }

    @Bean
    public CompanyCountryItemWriter writer() {
        log.info("Creating an CompanyCountryItemWriter");
        return new CompanyCountryItemWriter();
    }

Answer 2

根据日志消息，无法创建作业bean，因为在测试上下文中没有ItemReader，您需要将生成ItemReader作为bean的配置类添加到@ContextConfigance的字段类中。