如何在Android 10中以编程方式安装任何Android应用程序

Question

在Android 9中

java prettyprint-override">Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse("content://"+Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/download/" + "app-release.apk"), "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
startActivity(intent);

我还在清单文件中添加了必需的权限。

当我运行这个程序时，它告诉我解析包错误时出现了问题。

Answer 1

首先，你的Uri在Android的每个版本上都是无效的，除了一些设备制造商为你侵入的设备之外。

其次，默认情况下，您和软件包安装程序进程都无法访问Android 10上的外部存储。

第三，在Android 10上，不推荐通过ACTION\u VIEW或ACTION\u INSTALL\u PACKAGE安装应用程序。

Android 10及更高版本的解决方案（同样适用于Android 5.0及更高版本）是使用PackageInstaller。

这个示例应用程序演示了如何使用它。关键部分在Main Motor中：

/*
  Copyright (c) 2019 CommonsWare, LLC

  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
  use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain   a copy
  of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. Unless required
  by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the
  License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS
  OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific
  language governing permissions and limitations under the License.

  Covered in detail in the book _Elements of Android Q

  https://commonsware.com/AndroidQ
*/

package com.commonsware.q.appinstaller

import android.app.Application
import android.app.PendingIntent
import android.content.Intent
import android.content.pm.PackageInstaller
import android.net.Uri
import androidx.documentfile.provider.DocumentFile
import androidx.lifecycle.AndroidViewModel
import androidx.lifecycle.viewModelScope
import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext

private const val NAME = "mostly-unused"
private const val PI_INSTALL = 3439

class MainMotor(app: Application) : AndroidViewModel(app) {
  private val installer = app.packageManager.packageInstaller
  private val resolver = app.contentResolver

  fun install(apkUri: Uri) {
    viewModelScope.launch(Dispatchers.Main) {
      installCoroutine(apkUri)
    }
  }

  private suspend fun installCoroutine(apkUri: Uri) =
    withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
      resolver.openInputStream(apkUri)?.use { apkStream ->
        val length =
          DocumentFile.fromSingleUri(getApplication(), apkUri)?.length() ?: -1
        val params =
          PackageInstaller.SessionParams(PackageInstaller.SessionParams.MODE_FULL_INSTALL)
        val sessionId = installer.createSession(params)
        val session = installer.openSession(sessionId)

        session.openWrite(NAME, 0, length).use { sessionStream ->
          apkStream.copyTo(sessionStream)
          session.fsync(sessionStream)
        }

        val intent = Intent(getApplication(), InstallReceiver::class.java)
        val pi = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
          getApplication(),
          PI_INSTALL,
          intent,
          PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT
        )

        session.commit(pi.intentSender)
        session.close()
      }
    }
}

这里，install（）从ACTION\u OPEN\u文档中获得了一个Uri。在协同程序中，我创建了一个PackageInstaller会话，打开会话，将APK内容复制到会话提供的流中，然后提交并关闭会话。

Answer 2

如果你想在Android 10中以编程方式安装应用程序，你需要给你的应用程序安装权限

步骤1：在清单中授予权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

步骤2：在Android清单中写入提供程序

 <provider
        android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
        android:authorities="${applicationId}.provider"
        android:exported="false"
        android:grantUriPermissions="true">
        <meta-data
            android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
            android:resource="@xml/provider_paths" />
    </provider>

第4步：在XML文件夹中创建名为provider_path的文件。xml和write

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <external-path
        name="files_root"
        path="Android/data/${applicationId}" />
    <external-path
        name="external_files"
        path="." />
</paths>