Spring Data JPA：创建规范查询提取联接

Question

TL；DR：如何使用Spring Data JPA中的规范复制JPQL Join-Fetch操作？

@Entity
public class Gene {

    @Id 
    @Column(name="entrez_gene_id")
    privateLong id;

    @Column(name="gene_symbol")
    private String symbol;

    @Column(name="species")
    private String species;

    @OneToMany(mappedBy="gene", fetch=FetchType.EAGER) 
    private Set<GeneSymbolAlias> aliases;

    @OneToMany(mappedBy="gene", fetch=FetchType.EAGER) 
    private Set<GeneAttributes> attributes;

    // etc...

}

@Entity
public class GeneSymbolAlias {

    @Id 
    @Column(name = "alias_id")
    private Long id;

    @Column(name="gene_symbol")
    private String symbol;

    @ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY) 
    @JoinColumn(name="entrez_gene_id")
    private Gene gene;

    // etc...

}

@Service
public class GeneService {

    @Autowired private GeneRepository repository;
    @Autowired private GeneSpecificationBuilder builder;

    public List<Gene> findGenes(Map<String,Object> params){
        return repository.findAll(builder.getSpecifications(params));
    }

    //etc...

}

@Component
public class GeneSpecificationBuilder {

    public Specifications<Gene> getSpecifications(Map<String,Object> params){
        Specifications<Gene> = null;
        for (Map.Entry param: params.entrySet()){
            Specification<Gene> specification = null;
            if (param.getKey().equals("symbol")){
                specification = symbolEquals((String) param.getValue());
            } else if (param.getKey().equals("species")){
                specification = speciesEquals((String) param.getValue());
            } //etc
            if (specification != null){
               if (specifications == null){
                   specifications = Specifications.where(specification);
               } else {
                   specifications.and(specification);
               }
            }
        } 
        return specifications;
    }

    private Specification<Gene> symbolEquals(String symbol){
        return new Specification<Gene>(){
            @Override public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Gene> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder builder){
                return builder.equal(root.get("symbol"), symbol);
            }
        };
    }

    // etc...

}

在本例中，每次我要检索gene记录时，我还想要它关联的geneAttribute和geneSymbolAlias记录。这一切都按预期工作，对单个gene的请求将引发3个查询:gene、geneAttribute和geneSymbolAlias表各一个查询。

问题是，没有理由需要运行3个查询来获得具有嵌入属性和别名的单个gene实体。这可以在普通SQL中完成，也可以在我的Spring Data JPA存储库中使用JPQL查询完成：

@Query(value = "select g from Gene g left join fetch g.attributes join fetch g.aliases where g.symbol = ?1 order by g.entrezGeneId")
List<Gene> findBySymbol(String symbol);

如何使用规范复制此取数策略？我在这里发现了这个问题，但它似乎只是让懒惰的获取变成急切的获取。

Answer 1

规格类别：

public class MatchAllWithSymbol extends Specification<Gene> {
    private String symbol;

    public CustomSpec (String symbol) {
    this.symbol = symbol;
    }

    @Override
    public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Gene> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {

        //This part allow to use this specification in pageable queries
        //but you must be aware that the results will be paged in   
        //application memory!
        Class clazz = query.getResultType();
        if (clazz.equals(Long.class) || clazz.equals(long.class))
            return null;

        //building the desired query
        root.fetch("aliases", JoinType.LEFT);
        root.fetch("attributes", JoinType.LEFT);
        query.distinct(true);        
        query.orderBy(cb.asc(root.get("entrezGeneId")));
        return cb.equal(root.get("symbol"), symbol);
    }
}

用法：

    List<Gene> list = GeneRepository.findAll(new MatchAllWithSymbol("Symbol"));