如何在java中将类链接到登录类

Question

大家好，我是Java新手，我一直在为Cucumber创建Java代码，场景是我创建了一个登录类，包括调用web驱动程序、输入用户名和密码并单击登录按钮，现在这个代码运行良好，现在我创建了一个新类，这个类是该网页中的一个新功能，例如AddNewUser，我不想在AddNewUser类中再次编写我在login类中编写的所有代码，如何在AddNewUser类中调用login类？我做了以下几件事：

1. LoginSteps login=new LoginSteps（驱动程序）；-这会导致错误（java:class StepDefinitions.LoginSteps中的构造函数LoginSteps无法应用于给定类型；必需：未找到参数：org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver原因：实际参数列表和形式参数列表长度不同）

下面是我登录步骤的代码。JAVA

import io.cucumber.java.en.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import pagefactory.LoginPage_PF;


public class LoginSteps {
    WebDriver driver;
    LoginPage_PF login;


    @Given("that customer wanted to login at the On Demand Portal")
    public void that_customer_wanted_to_login_at_the_On_demand_portal() {

        String projectPath = System.getProperty("user.dir");

        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", projectPath+"/src/test/resources/drivers/chromedriver.exe");

        driver = new ChromeDriver(new ChromeDriverService.Builder().usingPort(9515).build());
        driver.manage().window().maximize();

    }

这是我ser.java的代码

import StepDefinitions.LoginSteps;
import StepDefinitions.LogoutSteps;
import io.cucumber.java.en.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;


public class AddNewUser {
    WebDriver driver;

    LoginSteps login = new LoginSteps();

    @Given("that customer wanted to Add New User at the On Demand Portal")
    public void that_Customer_Wanted_To_Add_New_User_At_The_On_Demand_Portal() {
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
    }

    @And ("the user is in the On Demand Portal Dashboard")
    public void the_user_is_in_the_on_demand_portal_dashboard() {
        driver.get("URL");
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
    }

这是我的pageFactory代码：

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.AjaxElementLocatorFactory;

public class LoginPage_PF {

    @FindBy(name = "email")
    WebElement txt_username;

    @FindBy(name = "password")
    WebElement txt_password;

    @FindBy(css = ".MuiButton-label")
    WebElement btn_login;

    WebDriver driver;

    public LoginPage_PF(WebDriver driver){
        this.driver = driver;
        PageFactory.initElements(new AjaxElementLocatorFactory(driver, 30), this);
    }

    public void enterUsername(String username){
        txt_username.sendKeys(username);
    }

    public void enterPassword(String password){
        txt_password.sendKeys(password);
    }

    public void clickLogin(){
        btn_login.click();
    }
}

Answer 1

您正在初始化类LoginSteps login=new LoginSteps（）但是驱动程序是在LoginSteps类中创建的，因此驱动程序为空。我认为一种方法是利用依赖注入在每个场景中初始化驱动程序

您可以使用cucumber-guice来初始化web驱动程序。这也将使您的测试场景独立，因为为每个场景创建了一个新的驱动程序实例。根据我在测试中的表现，您可以做些什么

要使用cucumber guice，您需要

 <dependency>
      <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
      <artifactId>cucumber-guice</artifactId>
      <version>${cucumber.version}</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.inject</groupId>
      <artifactId>guice</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.3</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

然后在全局类中使用@ScenarioScoped并初始化驱动程序和登录页面_PF

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import io.cucumber.guice.ScenarioScoped;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;  
import io.cucumber.guice.ScenarioScoped;
 
 @ScenarioScoped
    
          public class Global {
          public WebDriver driver;
           public WebDriverWait wait;
        
          public Global() {
               //implement getDriver in `loginSteps` or any other class to return driver . However , I think login steps and driver initialization should be separate
                driver = new LoginSteps().getDriver();

               //also initialize LoginPage_PF here 
                PageFactory.initElements(new AjaxElementLocatorFactory(driver, 30), LoginPage_PF.class);       
          }
    
    }

然后在测试类中，这是AddNewUser

    import StepDefinitions.LoginSteps;
import StepDefinitions.LogoutSteps;
import io.cucumber.java.en.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
// import Global here

    public class AddNewUser {
       
        //inject `Global` here 
          @Inject
       Global global;
    
        @Given("that customer wanted to Add New User at the On Demand Portal")
        public void that_Customer_Wanted_To_Add_New_User_At_The_On_Demand_Portal() {
            //access pageobjects . if you want to access driver for some reason for ex: opening a page , just use global.driver

            LoginPage_PF.txt_username.sendKeys("username")
            ...
            ...
         
        }
    
        @And ("the user is in the On Demand Portal Dashboard")
        public void the_user_is_in_the_on_demand_portal_dashboard() {

            // access page objects here 
        }

除了Global类之外，您不需要在任何其他地方初始化驱动程序。更多关于cucumber-guice的信息