优化python中的MasterMind代码和字符串操作

Question

我正在为MasterMind写一个求解器，其中我必须接受一个猜测和一个答案，并返回一些黑白钉子的数量表示，其中一个黑色钉子代表正确点的正确颜色，一个白色钉子代表不正确点的正确颜色。我必须运行这段代码大约200万次迭代，所以它需要尽可能快。目前最大的时间下沉是拆分和索引调用，但我不知道如何删除它们。关于如何在保持其功能的同时使代码运行得更快，有什么想法吗？

def returnPegs(guess, answer):
        guessList = guess.split(" ")
        answerList = answer.split(" ")
        response = ""
        iterator = [0,1,2,3]
        for i in iterator:
            if answerList[i] == guessList[i]:
                response = response + "B"
                guessList[i] = "alsoNotAColor"
                answerList[i] = "notAColor"
        for j in iterator:
            if guessList[j] in answerList:
                response = response + "W"
                answerList[answerList.index(guessList[j])] = "notAColor"
                guessList[j] = "alsoNotAColor"
        return response

以确保清晰度。我的输入是用空格分隔的四种颜色的字符串，我的输出不必有任何特定的形式，只要它对每一个黑白钉子的组合都是唯一的。

经过大量优化后，这是代码的当前状态：

 def returnPegs(guess, answer):
    pegs = 0 
    for answerPeg, guessPeg in zip(answer, guess):
        if answerPeg == guessPeg:
            pegs += 5
        elif guessPeg in answer:
            pegs +=1
    return pegs

进一步优化，有点回到一些原始代码，这个版本实际上是所有版本中最快的。大约是第一个的4倍，第二个的2倍。

def returnPegs(guess, answer):
    response = 0
    iterator = [0,1,2,3]
    for i in iterator:
        if guess[i] == answer[i]:
            response += 5
            guess[i] = "alsoNotAColor"
            answer[i] = "notAColor"
        elif guess[i] in answer:
            response += 1
            answer[answer.index(guess[i])] = "notAColor"
            guess[i] = "alsoNotAColor"
    return response

Answer 1

如果我没看错你的问题，这段代码应该可以满足你的需要：

def returnPegs(guess, answer):
    guesses = guess.split()
    answers = answer.split()

    pegs = []

    for answer, guess in zip(answers, guesses):
        if answer == guess:
            pegs.append('B')
        elif guess in answers:
            pegs.append('W')

    return ''.join(pegs)

zip()将两个序列压缩在一起：

>>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> b = [5, 6, 7, 8]
>>> zip(a, b)
[(1, 5), (2, 6), (3, 7), (4, 8)]