在Kotlin和JUnit5中测试Spring Boot缓存

Question

我有一个简单的存储库，它的界面是用Kotlin写的，从数据库获得一个网站列表；并且我用Spring缓存缓存响应：

interface IRepository {
  fun sites(): List<String>
}

@Repository
class Repository(private val jdbcTemplate: NamedParameterJdbcTemplate) : IRepository {
  private val sites = "SELECT DISTINCT siteId FROM sites"

  @Cacheable(value = ["sites"], key = "sites")
  override fun sites(): List<String> = jdbcTemplate.jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sites, String::class.java)
}

现在我想测试缓存是否真的起作用。作为测试的基础，我使用了如何在Spring数据存储库上测试Spring的声明性缓存支持？但是直接实现会导致存储库是代理而不是存储库的错误。所以我现在的尝试是：

@ContextConfiguration
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class)
class RepositoryCacheTests {
  @MockBean
  private lateinit var repository: Repository

  @Autowired
  private lateinit var cache: CacheManager

  @EnableCaching
  @TestConfiguration
  class CachingTestConfig {
    @Bean
    fun cacheManager(): CacheManager = ConcurrentMapCacheManager("sites")
  }

  @Test
  fun `Sites is cached after first read`() {
    // Arrange
    whenever(repository.sites()).thenReturn(listOf(site, anotherSite))

    repository.sites()

    // Assert
    assertThat(cache.getCache("sites")?.get("sites")).isNotNull
  }

但是缓存是空的，并且在第一次读取之后没有填充。我在设置中遗漏了什么？

更新：

使用George的建议，我更新了测试（和代码，以便更容易模仿）。我还必须在配置中为存储库添加@bean，因为不能自动执行。找不到“repository”类型的bean。没有它。

  @Cacheable(value = ["sites"], key = "'sites'")
  override fun sites(): List<String> = jdbcTemplate.query(sites) { rs, _ -> rs.getString("siteId") }

@ContextConfiguration
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class)
class RepositoryCacheTests {
  @MockBean
  private lateinit var jdbcTemplate: NamedParameterJdbcTemplate

  @Autowired
  private lateinit var repository: Repository

  @Autowired
  private lateinit var cache: CacheManager

  @EnableCaching
  @TestConfiguration
  class CachingTestConfig {
    @Bean
    fun testRepository(jdbcTemplate: NamedParameterJdbcTemplate): Repository = Repository(jdbcTemplate)

    @Bean
    fun cacheManager(): CacheManager = ConcurrentMapCacheManager("sites")
  }

  @Test
  fun `Sites is cached after first read`() {
    whenever(jdbcTemplate.query(any(), any<RowMapper<String>>())).thenReturn(listOf(site, anotherSite))
    repository.sites()
    assertThat(cache.getCache("sites")?.get("sites")).isNotNull
    repository.sites()
    verify(jdbcTemplate, times(1)).query(any(), any<RowMapper<String>>())
  }
}

现在测试甚至没有开始：

Error creating bean with name 'RepositoryCacheTests': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'repository'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException: Bean named 'testRepository' is expected to be of type 'Repository' but was actually of type 'com.sun.proxy.$Proxy52'

更新2：

正如George指出的，解决方案是(https://stackoverflow.com/a/44911329/492882和https://stackoverflow.com/a/44911329/492882)

  @Autowired
  private lateinit var repository: IRepository

Answer 1

您正在嘲笑您的测试主题存储库。这应该是Spring初始化的真实对象，所以它有缓存。您需要模拟测试主体正在调用的jdbctemplate。

我真的不知道kotlin语法，所以请原谅我。您的测试应该是这样的：

@ContextConfiguration
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class)
class RepositoryCacheTests {
  @MockBean
  private lateinit jdbcTemplate: NamedParameterJdbcTemplate
  @Autowired
  private lateinit var repository: IRepository

  @Autowired
  private lateinit var cache: CacheManager

  @EnableCaching
  @TestConfiguration
  class CachingTestConfig {
    @Bean
    fun cacheManager(): CacheManager = ConcurrentMapCacheManager("sites")
  }

  @Test
  fun `Sites is cached after first read`() {
    // Arrange
    whenever(jdbcTemplate.queryForList(any(), String::class.java)).thenReturn(listOf(site, anotherSite))

    repository.sites()

    // Assert
    assertThat(cache.getCache("sites")?.get("sites")).isNotNull

    //Execute again to test cache.
    repository.sites()
    //JdbcTemplate should have been called once.
    verify(jdbcTemplate, times(1)).queryForList(any(), String::class.java)
  }