private class KeyControl implements KeyListener {
private int dx = 20;
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
if(e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) {
if(dx < 0 )
dx = -dx;
gamePanel.movePlatform(dx);
}
if(e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) {
if(dx > 0 )
dx = -dx;
gamePanel.movePlatform(dx);
}
if(e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE) {
System.out.println("space");
gamePanel.play();
}
if(e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE) {
gamePanel.pause();
}
}
}
public void movePlatform(int dx) {
int nextDX = dx;
if(paused || init) {
dx = 0;
}
// make sure platform doesnt exceed right border
if(platform.getX() + platform.getWidth() + dx> size.getWidth()) {
if(nextDX < 0)
dx = nextDX;
else
dx = 0;
}
// make sure platform doesnt exceed left border
if(platform.getX() + dx <= 0) {
if(nextDX > 0)
dx = nextDX;
else
dx = 0;
}
platform.setFrame(platform.getX() + dx, platform.getY(), platform.getWidth(), platform.getHeight());
platformIntervalX = new Interval((int)platform.getX(), (int)(platform.getX() + platform.getWidth()));
platformIntervalY = new Interval((int)(platform.getY() - platform.getHeight()), (int)platform.getY());
repaint();
}
解决办法是不要使用KeyListener的按键来移动精灵。关键不是依赖于硬件特定的按键频率,而是使用Swing计时器来创建自己的频率。取而代之的是使用键绑定和Swing计时器。按下键开始时间,释放键停止时间。
例如,运行以下代码并按下并释放向上箭头键:
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import javax.swing.*;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class KeyBindingEg extends JPanel {
private static final String UP_KEY_PRESSED = "up key pressed";
private static final String UP_KEY_RELEASED = "up key released";
private static final int UP_TIMER_DELAY = 50;
private static final Color FLASH_COLOR = Color.red;
private Timer upTimer;
private JLabel label = new JLabel();
public KeyBindingEg() {
label.setFont(label.getFont().deriveFont(Font.BOLD, 32));
label.setOpaque(true);
add(label);
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(400, 300));
int condition = WHEN_IN_FOCUSED_WINDOW;
InputMap inputMap = getInputMap(condition);
ActionMap actionMap = getActionMap();
KeyStroke upKeyPressed = KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_UP, 0, false);
KeyStroke upKeyReleased = KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_UP, 0, true);
inputMap.put(upKeyPressed, UP_KEY_PRESSED);
inputMap.put(upKeyReleased, UP_KEY_RELEASED);
actionMap.put(UP_KEY_PRESSED, new UpAction(false));
actionMap.put(UP_KEY_RELEASED, new UpAction(true));
}
private class UpAction extends AbstractAction {
private boolean onKeyRelease;
public UpAction(boolean onKeyRelease) {
this.onKeyRelease = onKeyRelease;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {
if (!onKeyRelease) {
if (upTimer != null && upTimer.isRunning()) {
return;
}
System.out.println("key pressed");
label.setText(UP_KEY_PRESSED);
upTimer = new Timer(UP_TIMER_DELAY, new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Color c = label.getBackground();
if (FLASH_COLOR.equals(c)) {
label.setBackground(null);
label.setForeground(Color.black);
} else {
label.setBackground(FLASH_COLOR);
label.setForeground(Color.white);
}
}
});
upTimer.start();
} else {
System.out.println("Key released");
if (upTimer != null && upTimer.isRunning()) {
upTimer.stop();
upTimer = null;
}
label.setText("");
}
}
}
private static void createAndShowGui() {
KeyBindingEg mainPanel = new KeyBindingEg();
JFrame frame = new JFrame("KeyBindingEg");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowGui();
}
});
}
}
编辑
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.EnumMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.swing.*;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class KeyBindingEg2 extends JPanel {
enum Dir {
LEFT("Left", KeyEvent.VK_LEFT, -1, 0),
RIGHT("Right", KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT, 1, 0),
UP("Up", KeyEvent.VK_UP, 0, -1),
DOWN("Down", KeyEvent.VK_DOWN, 0, 1);
private String name;
private int keyCode;
private int deltaX;
private int deltaY;
private Dir(String name, int keyCode, int deltaX, int deltaY) {
this.name = name;
this.keyCode = keyCode;
this.deltaX = deltaX;
this.deltaY = deltaY;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int getKeyCode() {
return keyCode;
}
public int getDeltaX() {
return deltaX;
}
public int getDeltaY() {
return deltaY;
}
}
public static final int TIMER_DELAY = 10;
public static final int DELTA_X = 2;
public static final int DELTA_Y = DELTA_X;
public static final int SPRITE_WIDTH = 10;
public static final int SPRITE_HEIGHT = SPRITE_WIDTH;
private static final String PRESSED = "pressed";
private static final String RELEASED = "released";
private static final int PREF_W = 800;
private static final int PREF_H = 650;
private Map<Dir, Boolean> dirMap = new EnumMap<>(Dir.class);
private int spriteX = 0;
private int spriteY = 0;
private BufferedImage sprite;
private Timer animationTimer = new Timer(TIMER_DELAY, new AnimationListener());
public KeyBindingEg2() {
for (Dir dir : Dir.values()) {
dirMap.put(dir, Boolean.FALSE);
}
sprite = createSprite();
setKeyBindings();
animationTimer.start();
}
private BufferedImage createSprite() {
BufferedImage sprt = new BufferedImage(SPRITE_WIDTH, SPRITE_HEIGHT, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
Graphics g = sprt.getGraphics();
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.fillRect(0, 0, SPRITE_WIDTH, SPRITE_HEIGHT);
g.dispose();
return sprt;
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(PREF_W, PREF_H);
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
if (sprite != null) {
g.drawImage(sprite, spriteX, spriteY, this);
}
}
private void setKeyBindings() {
int condition = WHEN_IN_FOCUSED_WINDOW;
InputMap inputMap = getInputMap(condition);
ActionMap actionMap = getActionMap();
for (Dir dir : Dir.values()) {
KeyStroke keyPressed = KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(dir.getKeyCode(), 0, false);
KeyStroke keyReleased = KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(dir.getKeyCode(), 0, true);
inputMap.put(keyPressed, dir.toString() + PRESSED);
inputMap.put(keyReleased, dir.toString() + RELEASED);
actionMap.put(dir.toString() + PRESSED, new DirAction(dir, PRESSED));
actionMap.put(dir.toString() + RELEASED, new DirAction(dir, RELEASED));
}
}
private class AnimationListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int newX = spriteX;
int newY = spriteY;
for (Dir dir : Dir.values()) {
if (dirMap.get(dir)) {
newX += dir.getDeltaX() * DELTA_X;
newY += dir.getDeltaY() * DELTA_Y;
}
}
if (newX < 0 || newY < 0) {
return;
}
if (newX + SPRITE_WIDTH > getWidth() || newY + SPRITE_HEIGHT > getHeight()) {
return;
}
spriteX = newX;
spriteY = newY;
repaint();
}
}
private class DirAction extends AbstractAction {
private String pressedOrReleased;
private Dir dir;
public DirAction(Dir dir, String pressedOrReleased) {
this.dir = dir;
this.pressedOrReleased = pressedOrReleased;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {
if (pressedOrReleased.equals(PRESSED)) {
dirMap.put(dir, Boolean.TRUE);
} else if (pressedOrReleased.equals(RELEASED)) {
dirMap.put(dir, Boolean.FALSE);
}
}
}
private static void createAndShowGui() {
KeyBindingEg2 mainPanel = new KeyBindingEg2();
JFrame frame = new JFrame("KeyBindingEg");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowGui();
}
});
}
}
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