如何从家酿重装python@2？

Question

我一直在使用openssl和brewpython@2问题，这里已经解释过了（未解决）。重新安装Python和openssl的文档解决方法不起作用，所以我决定卸载并重新安装Python。

问题是，当您尝试使用brew安装Python 2时，您会收到以下消息：

brew install python@2
Error: No available formula with the name "python@2"
==> Searching for a previously deleted formula (in the last month)...
Warning: homebrew/core is shallow clone. To get complete history run:
  git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" fetch --unshallow

python@2 was deleted from homebrew/core in commit 028f11f9e:
  python@2: delete (https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/issues/49796)
  EOL 1 January 2020.
  We gave it 1 month more to live so that people had time to migrate.
  All in all, developers had 11 years to do their migration.
  You can use the `brew extract` command and maintain python@2 in your own
  tap if necessary:
  https://docs.brew.sh/How-to-Create-and-Maintain-a-Tap

To show the formula before removal run:
  git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" show 028f11f9e^:Formula/[e-mail]

If you still use this formula consider creating your own tap:
  https://docs.brew.sh/How-to-Create-and-Maintain-a-Tap

不幸的是，我仍然有许多取决于Brew python@2的酿造配方。这些包括例如，莱森地堡，公关

aws
zsh: /usr/local/bin/aws: bad interpreter: /usr/local/opt/python@2/bin/python2.7: no such file or directory

我不知道如何使用他们记录的这个< code>brew extract命令来重新安装Python@2。它需要一个公式和一个龙头。我想公式应该是< code>python@2。我不知道水龙头需要什么。

此外，重新安装诸如aws或letsencrypt之类的分接头也没有很好的效果。

重新安装 awscli （酿造重新安装 awscli） 后，运行 aws 命令仍会出现错误。

aws
/usr/local/Cellar/awscli/2.0.0/libexec/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jmespath/visitor.py:32: SyntaxWarning: "is" with a literal. Did you mean "=="?
  if x is 0 or x is 1:
/usr/local/Cellar/awscli/2.0.0/libexec/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jmespath/visitor.py:32: SyntaxWarning: "is" with a literal. Did you mean "=="?
  if x is 0 or x is 1:
/usr/local/Cellar/awscli/2.0.0/libexec/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jmespath/visitor.py:34: SyntaxWarning: "is" with a literal. Did you mean "=="?
  elif y is 0 or y is 1:
/usr/local/Cellar/awscli/2.0.0/libexec/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jmespath/visitor.py:34: SyntaxWarning: "is" with a literal. Did you mean "=="?
  elif y is 0 or y is 1:
/usr/local/Cellar/awscli/2.0.0/libexec/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jmespath/visitor.py:260: SyntaxWarning: "is" with a literal. Did you mean "=="?
  if original_result is 0:
usage: aws [options] <command> <subcommand> [<subcommand> ...] [parameters]
To see help text, you can run:

  aws help
  aws <command> help
  aws <command> <subcommand> help
aws: error: the following arguments are required: command

Answer 1

对于那些在苹果公司在macOS 12.3中移除系统python后出现在这里的人来说，这里是如何安装和运行python2和python3的。

Python 2

python，python2-

# Download/run the legacy macOS installer (pick which one for your sys)
https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-2716/

# Add pip for python2.7
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py -o get-pip2.py
python2 get-pip2.py

# Optionally check for pip updates (in case of post-eol patches)
python2 -m pip install --upgrade pip

# Optionally add the helpers like easy_install back onto your path
# In your ~/.zprofile or whatever bash/shell profile equivalent
PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:${PATH}"
export PATH

# Optionally add some helpers while editing shell profile
alias pip2="python2 -m pip"
alias venv2="virtualenv -p python2"
alias venv3="virtualenv -p python3"

# Optionally some apple-specific std libraries are missing, search
# and download them. Example: plistlib.py
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/python/cpython/2.7/Lib/plistlib.py -o /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plistlib.py

# Lastly, there is no symlink /usr/bin/python anymore
# /usr/bin is system protected so you can't add one either
# 
# Change your programs to use /usr/local/bin/python
# or google how to disable macOS SIP to make a symlink in /usr/bin

Python三

python3-

brew update
brew install python3

# Add pip for python 3 in case it is missing
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
python3 get-pip.py

# Check for pip updates
python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

# Optionally add a helper in ~/.zprofile
alias venv3="virtualenv -p python3"

测试一下

~ % python --version
Python 2.7.16

~ % python2 --version
Python 2.7.16

~ % python3 --version
Python 3.9.10

# Running older python2
python2 -m pip install...
python2 ...

# Testing the venv2 alias from above
venv2 foo
source foo/bin/activate
pip -V # pip 20... from... python2.7
pip install -y -r req.txt
pip uninstall -y -r req.txt
pip freeze
deactivate

# Testing the venv3 alias from above
venv3 foo3
source foo3/bin/activate
pip -V # pip22... from ...python3.9
pip install -y -r req.txt
pip uninstall -y -r req.txt
pip freeze
deactivate

通过卸载/重新安装进行故障排除

# Credit to https://www.macupdate.com/app/mac/5880/python/uninstall  
# for many of the tips in this section.

# Sometimes there are problems related to accepting xcode 
# tool agreement. Open XCode to make sure it finished 
# installing its tool updates.

# Remove old python Application installs
# open the apps dir and delete Python 2, 3 via Finder
open /Applications

# Remove old brew installs 
brew list | grep python
brew uninstall python
brew uninstall python3

# find/remove lingering unlinked kegs
ls /usr/local/Cellar/ | grep python 

# Cleanup binaries
sudo rm -rf /Library/Frameworks/Pyth*
rm /usr/local/bin/pip*

# Cleanup symlinks
which -a python # check results, and rm each one
which -a python2 # check results, and rm each one
which -a python3 # check results, and rm each one

brew cleanup # prunes symlinks

Answer 2

看来家酿的工作人员真的是让在macOS上使用Python 2.7尽可能的难。

1. 链接的brew提取物链接真的没有帮助，你需要在这里寻找关于如何从提取的来源中进行自己的点击的答案。
2. 链接提交：028f11f9e错误，因为它包含已删除的文件。
3. brew提取命令甚至无法正常工作，因为包名中有@。

解决方案非常简单，您只需要下载最新的提交文件并从该文件进行安装:

cd ~
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/86a44a0a552c673a05f11018459c9f5faae3becc/Formula/[e-mail]
brew install [e-mail]
rm [e-mail]

可能会有一个关于这是“不稳定”的警告，我不理解为Git历史中的提交是你能得到的最稳定的。

Answer 3

您可以使用pyenv安装python：

brew install pyenv
pyenv install 2.7.18

（可选）将其设置为全局默认值：

pyenv global 2.7.18

关于为什么使用pyenv比使用brew来管理python安装的好文章。

要使python二进制文件在全球可用，请将垫片添加到PATH：

PATH=$(pyenv root)/shims:$PATH