为什么在spring boot应用程序中数据源不能自动连线？

Question

我知道，如果在application.properties中设置了相关配置，那么spring boot将自动创建一个DataSourceBean，比如：

spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://192.168.10.103:3306/hms?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=test@123
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

申请代码：

package com.synline.mdataserver;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application implements CommandLineRunner {

    @Autowired
    AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context;

    /*@Autowired
    DataSource dataSource;*/

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        DataSource dataSource = (DataSource)context.getBean("dataSource");
        System.out.println(dataSource);

        while (true) {
           Thread.sleep(5000);
        }

    }
}

org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource@1800a575{ConnectionPool[defaultAutoCommit=null; defaultReadOnly=null; ....}

所以我认为Spring Boot真的创造了豆子。

但是如果使用了@autowried DataSource，则会出现异常，抱怨没有这样的Bean

Error creating bean with name 'application': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource com.synline.mdataserver.Application.dataSource; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

Answer 1

您的变量应该声明为标准的JDBC数据源（即javax.sql.DataSource)，而不是该接口的特定实现。