无法使用用户分配的标识从Azure密钥库获取机密

Question

"ManagedServiceIdentityConfig": {
          "Type": "SystemAssigned, UserAssigned",
          "**UserAssignedIdentities**": [
            "/subscriptions/1234567890qwer/resourceGroups/my-rg/providers/Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/my-msi"
          ],
          "ServicePrincipalForSystemAssignedIdentity": "...",
          "ScaleSetIdentity": {
            "principalId": "...",
            "tenantId": "...",
            "type": "SystemAssigned, UserAssigned",
            "**userAssignedIdentities**": {
              "/subscriptions/1234567890qwer/resourceGroups/my-rg/providers/Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/my-msi": {
                "principalId": "...",
                "clientId": "..."
              }

PS D:\ManagementServiceCommonSetup> $accessToken = (Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'http://169.254.169.254/metadata/identity/oauth2/token?api-version=2018-02-01&resource=https://vault.azure.net' -Method GET -Headers @{Metadata="true"} -UseBasicParsing | ConvertFrom-Json).access_token
PS D:\ManagementServiceCommonSetup> echo $accessToken
eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsIng1dCI6IkN0ZlFDOExlLThOc0M3b0MyelFrWnBjcmZP...MCQi-bPCJQ
PS D:\ManagementServiceCommonSetup> (Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://my-kv.vault.azure.net/certificates/my-cert/587898f2?api-version=2016-10-01 -Method GET -Headers @{Authorization="Bearer $accessToken"}).content
Invoke-WebRequest : {"error":{"code":"Forbidden","message":"Access denied","innererror":{"code":"AccessDenied"}}}
At line:1 char:2
+ (Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://my-kv.vault.azure.net/secrets/my-cert/ ...
+  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (System.Net.HttpWebRequest:HttpWebRequest) [Invoke-WebRequest], WebExc
   eption
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : WebCmdletWebResponseException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.InvokeWebRequestCommand

null

更新：

对于用户分配的标识，需要指定对象id或客户端id。

Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "http://169.254.169.254/metadata/identity/oauth2/token?api-version=2018-02-01&resource=https://vault.azure.net&object_id=$($ObjectId)" -Method GET -Headers @{Metadata="true"}

Answer 1

1.通过用户分配的身份使用访问令牌检索证书的方法是否正确？

不，您使用的Uri是用于获取secret的，如果您想获取证书，它应该是

Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://my-kv.vault.azure.net/certificates/my-cert/587898f2?api-version=2016-10-01 -Method GET -Headers @{Authorization="Bearer $accessToken"}

参考：获取证书-获取证书

用户分配的托管身份是一个预览功能，我不确定它是否支持访问keyvault，该文档只是用于系统分配的身份。因此，我建议您使用系统分配的标识来访问keyvault，您可以尝试一下。

$response = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'http://169.254.169.254/metadata/identity/oauth2/token?api-version=2018-02-01&resource=https%3A%2F%2Fvault.azure.net' -Method GET -Headers @{Metadata="true"} -UseBasicParsing
$content = $response.Content | ConvertFrom-Json 
$KeyVaultToken = $content.access_token 
(Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://<keyvault-name>.vault.azure.net/certificates/<{certificate-name}>/<certificate-version>?api-version=2016-10-01 -Method GET -Headers @{Authorization="Bearer $KeyVaultToken"} -UseBasicParsing).content 

系统分配的标识：

用户分配的托管标识：