向函数传递数组的问题

Question

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

// Function Prototypes
void getMonthlyRainfall(double[], int);
double getTotal(const double[], int);
double getHighestAmount(const double[], int);
double getLowestAmount(const double[], int);

int main()
{
    const int MONTHS = 12;
    string monthNames[MONTHS] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", 
    "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", 
    "December" };
     double rainfall[MONTHS], // Array
        total,
        average,
        lowestAmount,
        highestAmount;

    //Get rainfall input from user
    getMonthlyRainfall(rainfall, MONTHS);

    // Get the total amount of rain for the year
    total = getTotal(rainfall, MONTHS);

    // Get the average rainfall
    average = total / MONTHS;

    // Get the month with the lowest rainfall
    lowestAmount = getLowestAmount(rainfall, MONTHS);

    // Get the month with the highest rainfall
    highestAmount = getHighestAmount(rainfall, MONTHS);

    cout << "Total rainfall: " << total << endl;
    cout << "Average rainfall: " << average << endl;
    cout << "Least rainfall in: " << getLowestAmount << endl;
    cout << "Most rainfall in: " << getHighestAmount << endl;
    return 0;
}

void getMonthlyRainfall(double rain[], int size) 
{
    int index;
    for (index = 0; index < 12; index++)
    {
        cout << "Enter rainfall for " << (index + 1) << ": ";
        cin >> rain[index];
    }
}

double getTotal(const double numbers[], int size) 
{
    double total = 0; // Accumulator
    for (int count = 0; count < size; count++)
        total += numbers[count];
    return total;
}

double getHighestAmount(const double numbers[], int size) 
{
    double highest; // Holds highest value
    // Get array's first element
    highest = numbers[0];
    // Step through array
    for (int count = 0; count < size; count++) 
    {
        if (numbers[count] > highest)
            highest = numbers[count];
    }
    return highest;
}

double getLowestAmount(const double numbers[], int size) 
{
    double lowest; // Holds lowest value
    // Get array's first element
    lowest = numbers[0];
    // Step through array
    for (int count = 0; count < size; count++)
    {
        if (numbers[count] < lowest)
            lowest = numbers[count];
    }
    return lowest;
}

总而言之，字符串数组输出月份名称，用户输入存储在单独的数组中用于计算。这些计算输出的是总量和平均值，但总降雨量需要与相应实体的月份进行比较，最高和最低的输出需要是字符串，而不是数字。

Answer 1

这是一个简单的名字混淆。您有函数的名称（它将打印为一个“随机”数字），而不是您正在使用的变量的名称。

cout << "Least rainfall in: " << getLowestAmount << endl;

应该是

cout << "Least rainfall in: " << lowestAmount << endl;

至于你的第一个quesiton，改变

cout << "Enter rainfall for " << (index + 1) << ": ";

cout << "Enter rainfall for " << monthNames[index] << ": ";

void getMonthlyRainfall(double[], string[], int);

//Get rainfall input from user
getMonthlyRainfall(rainfall, monthNames, MONTHS);

void getMonthlyRainfall(double rain[], string monthNames[], int size) 
{
    ...

编辑

因此，要输出最低月降雨量和降雨量最低月份的名称，您应该更改getloWestamount函数，以返回降雨量最低月份的索引。您还应该更改这个函数的名称，因为它现在正在执行与原始函数不同的操作，并且旧的名称不能准确地描述新函数，但为了清楚起见，我将保持不变。你可以稍后再决定一个新名字。

// this function returns a month index, not a rainfall amount,
// so it's return type is int not double
int getLowestAmount(const double[], int);

以下是更新后的函数

int getLowestAmount(const double numbers[], int size) 
{
    double lowest; // Holds lowest value
    int lowestIndex; // Holds the index of the lowest value
    // Get array's first element
    lowest = numbers[0];
    lowestIndex = 0;
    // Step through array
    for (int count = 0; count < size; count++)
    {
        if (numbers[count] < lowest)
        {
            lowest = numbers[count];
            lowestIndex = count;
        }
    }
    return lowestIndex;
}

// Get the month with the lowest rainfall
lowestIndex = getLowestAmount(rainfall, MONTHS);

...

cout << "Least rainfall in: " << monthNames[lowestIndex] << 
    " is " << rainfall[lowestIndex] << endl;