pdfbox-打开并保存已签名的pdf将使我的签名无效

Question

@Test
public void createEmptyPDF() throws IOException {
    String path = "path to file";
    PDDocument document = new PDDocument();
    PDPage page = new PDPage();
    document.addPage(page);
    document.save(path);
    document.close();
}

然后我用adobe签名并通过以下方式传递：

 @Test
public void copySignedDocument() throws IOException {
    String path = "path to file";
    File file = new File(path);
    PDDocument document = PDDocument.load(file);
    document.save(file);
    document.close();

    //just opening and saving the file invalidates the signatures
}

我真的不明白为什么这不起作用。任何帮助都会很好！

编辑：

 @Test
public void stampSignedDocument() throws IOException {
    File file = new File("path to file");
    PDDocument document = PDDocument.load(file);
    File image = new File("path to image to be added to annotation");
    PDPage page = document.getPage(0);
    List<PDAnnotation> annotations = page.getAnnotations();
    PDImageXObject ximage = PDImageXObject.createFromFileByContent(image, document);

    //stamp
    PDAnnotationRubberStamp stamp = new PDAnnotationRubberStamp();
    stamp.setName("testing rubber stamp");
    stamp.setContents("this is a test");
    stamp.setLocked(true);
    stamp.setReadOnly(true);
    stamp.setPrinted(true);

    PDRectangle rectangle = createRectangle(100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100);
    PDFormXObject form = new PDFormXObject(document);
    form.setResources(new PDResources());
    form.setBBox(rectangle);
    form.setFormType(1);

    form.getResources().add(ximage);
    PDAppearanceStream appearanceStream = new PDAppearanceStream(form.getCOSObject());
    PDAppearanceDictionary appearance = new PDAppearanceDictionary(new COSDictionary());
    appearance.setNormalAppearance(appearanceStream);
    stamp.setAppearance(appearance);
    stamp.setRectangle(rectangle);
    PDPageContentStream stream = new PDPageContentStream(document, appearanceStream);
    Matrix matrix = new Matrix(100, 0, 0, 100, 100, 100);
    stream.drawImage(ximage, matrix);
    stream.close();
    //close and save   
    annotations.add(stamp);
    page.getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(file);
    document.saveIncremental(os);
    document.close();
    os.close();
}

按照建议，我已经将添加的注释、页面和注释列表的NeedToBeUpdated标志设置为true（希望最后一个操作正确）：

    stamp.getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    COSArrayList<PDAnnotation> list = (COSArrayList<PDAnnotation>) annotations;
    COSArrayList.converterToCOSArray(list).setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    page.getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    document.getDocumentCatalog().getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);

注释仍然没有保存，所以我显然遗漏了一些东西。

编辑3：

    @Test
public void stampSignedDocument() throws IOException {
    File file = new File(
            "E:/projects/eSign/g2digitalsignature/G2DigitalSignatureParent/G2DigitalSignatureTest/src/test/resources/pdfBoxTest/empty.pdf");
    PDDocument document = PDDocument.load(file);
    File image = new File(
            "E:/projects/eSign/g2digitalsignature/G2DigitalSignatureParent/G2DigitalSignatureTest/src/test/resources/pdfBoxTest/digitalSign.png");
    PDPage page = document.getPage(0);
    List<PDAnnotation> annotations = page.getAnnotations();
    PDImageXObject ximage = PDImageXObject.createFromFileByContent(image, document);

    //stamp
    PDAnnotationRubberStamp stamp = new PDAnnotationRubberStamp();
    stamp.setName("testing rubber stamp");
    stamp.setContents("this is a test");
    stamp.setLocked(true);
    stamp.setReadOnly(true);
    stamp.setPrinted(true);

    PDRectangle rectangle = createRectangle(100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100);
    PDFormXObject form = new PDFormXObject(document);
    form.setResources(new PDResources());
    form.setBBox(rectangle);
    form.setFormType(1);

    form.getResources().getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    form.getResources().add(ximage);
    PDAppearanceStream appearanceStream = new PDAppearanceStream(form.getCOSObject());
    PDAppearanceDictionary appearance = new PDAppearanceDictionary(new COSDictionary());
    appearance.setNormalAppearance(appearanceStream);
    stamp.setAppearance(appearance);
    stamp.setRectangle(rectangle);
    PDPageContentStream stream = new PDPageContentStream(document, appearanceStream);
    Matrix matrix = new Matrix(100, 0, 0, 100, 100, 100);
    stream.drawImage(ximage, matrix);
    stream.close();
    //close and save   
    annotations.add(stamp);

    appearanceStream.getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    appearance.getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    rectangle.getCOSArray().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    stamp.getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    form.getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    COSArrayList<PDAnnotation> list = (COSArrayList<PDAnnotation>) annotations;
    COSArrayList.converterToCOSArray(list).setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    document.getPages().getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    page.getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);
    document.getDocumentCatalog().getCOSObject().setNeedToBeUpdated(true);

    OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(file);
    document.saveIncremental(os);
    document.close();
    os.close();

}

<<
/Type /Annot
/Subtype /Stamp
/Name /testing#20rubber#20stamp
/Contents (this is a test)
/F 196
/AP 29 0 R
/Rect [100.0 100.0 200.0 200.0]
>>

但是，当我在adobe Reader中打开文档时，它不会出现。也许这与外观流的关系更大，而不是注释本身？