在Windows上运行的Ubuntu bash上设置PostgreSQL

Question

我最近在Windows上运行的Ubuntu bash上安装并设置了rails作为Linux子系统。我能够顺利地启动rails，并在我的Windows C:/驱动器上创建一个新的rails应用程序。我尝试直接从postgresql.org/downloads/windows网站下载PSQL，但是遇到了一些问题，所以我取消了，然后按照本教程的安装PostgresQL部分进行操作。唯一的问题是，先前被取消的下载被设置为监听默认端口5432，它似乎一直占用该端口，因为第二次安装要求它必须使用端口5433。

编辑:看起来原来的PSQL已经成功安装，因为它出现在我的程序列表中，我可以卸载它，但得到一个错误警告，即数据文件夹没有被删除。在卸载并且只安装了一个PSQL副本之后，当运行下面的< code>sudo服务postgresql start时，我仍然得到相同的错误。

编辑编辑:我完全卸载了PSQL的两个版本，并重新安装了链接教程中的版本，它消除了我遇到的第二个错误。然而，我的“pg”gem仍然没有捆绑安装。

一旦完成，我尝试将我现有的轨道应用程序切换到postgresql。我更新了数据库.yml 文件，并将“pg”Gem 添加到我的 Gem 文件中。但是，我无法捆绑安装。当我尝试时，我收到此错误：

Fetching pg 1.0.0
Installing pg 1.0.0 with native extensions
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /home/<user_profile>/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/pg-1.0.0/ext
/home/<user_profile>/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20180717-4727-vex5p2.rb extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... yes
Using config values from /usr/bin/pg_config
You need to install postgresql-server-dev-X.Y for building a server-side extension or libpq-dev for building a
client-side application.
You need to install postgresql-server-dev-X.Y for building a server-side extension or libpq-dev for building a
client-side application.
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
        --with-opt-dir
        --without-opt-dir
        --with-opt-include
        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
        --with-opt-lib
        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
        --with-make-prog
        --without-make-prog
        --srcdir=.
        --curdir
        --ruby=/home/<user_profile>/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
        --with-pg
        --without-pg
        --enable-windows-cross
        --disable-windows-cross
        --with-pg-config
        --without-pg-config
        --with-pg_config
        --without-pg_config
        --with-pg-dir
        --without-pg-dir
        --with-pg-include
        --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
        --with-pg-lib
        --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /home/<user_profile>/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.5.0-static/pg-1.0.0/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /home/<user_profile>/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/pg-1.0.0 for
inspection.
Results logged to
/home/<user_profile>/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.5.0-static/pg-1.0.0/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing pg (1.0.0), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install pg -v '1.0.0' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:
  pg

编辑：以下已解决，请参阅上面的第二次编辑。

类似地，当我尝试使用< code > sudo service postgresql start 从命令行启动PostgreSQL时，我得到以下结果:

$ sudo service postgresql start
 * Starting PostgreSQL 9.5 database server                                                                            * The PostgreSQL server failed to start. Please check the log output:
2018-07-17 14:59:26 DST [4858-1] LOG:  could not bind IPv4 socket: Permission denied
2018-07-17 14:59:26 DST [4858-2] HINT:  Is another postmaster already running on port 5433? If not, wait a few seconds and retry.
2018-07-17 14:59:26 DST [4858-3] WARNING:  could not create listen socket for "localhost"
2018-07-17 14:59:26 DST [4858-4] FATAL:  could not create any TCP/IP sockets

有谁知道在我的环境中安装PostgresQL出了什么问题，以及如何让它在我的Ubuntu外壳上成功运行？

Answer 1

找到了解决这些问题的方法。

问题# 1-“pg”gem未安装在bash中执行以下命令:

1. sudo apt-get安装libpq-dev
2. gem install pg
3. 捆绑安装

问题#2 - postgresql无法在不崩溃的情况下启动

卸载计算机上PSQL的所有版本，然后重新安装一个。安装失败，第二个版本正在共享其数据文件夹，并导致我使用的安装出错。