Maven测试在Ubuntu中抛出异常

Question

由于一个我不知道的事件，调用mvn test在我的Ubuntu18.04中不再起作用。（自4月开始运行）。mvn install-dskiptests=true或I阶段尝试的任何其他生命周期都运行良好。

例如，如果我在克隆到/home/reichelt/commons-io/中的Apache Commons IO的最新版本中运行mvn test，If显示

[ERROR] ExecutionException The forked VM terminated without properly saying goodbye. VM crash or System.exit called?
[ERROR] Command was /bin/sh -c cd /home/reichelt/commons-io && /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java -Xmx25M -jar /home/reichelt/commons-io/target/surefire/surefirebooter6661636703131088733.jar /home/reichelt/commons-io/target/surefire 2018-10-31T18-30-50_926-jvmRun1 surefire4405197448341812663tmp surefire_1048154306090710821475tmp
[ERROR] Error occurred in starting fork, check output in log
[ERROR] Process Exit Code: 1
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.awaitResultsDone(ForkStarter.java:494)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.runSuitesForkPerTestSet(ForkStarter.java:441)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.run(ForkStarter.java:293)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.run(ForkStarter.java:245)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.AbstractSurefireMojo.executeProvider(AbstractSurefireMojo.java:1149)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.AbstractSurefireMojo.executeAfterPreconditionsChecked(AbstractSurefireMojo.java:978)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.AbstractSurefireMojo.execute(AbstractSurefireMojo.java:854)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:134)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:208)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:154)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:146)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:117)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:81)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build(SingleThreadedBuilder.java:51)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:128)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:309)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:194)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:107)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:955)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:290)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:194)
[ERROR]     at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
[ERROR]     at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
[ERROR]     at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
[ERROR]     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
[ERROR]     at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:289)
[ERROR]     at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229)
[ERROR]     at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415)
[ERROR]     at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356)
[ERROR] Caused by: org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooterForkException: The forked VM terminated without properly saying goodbye. VM crash or System.exit called?
[ERROR] Command was /bin/sh -c cd /home/reichelt/commons-io && /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java -Xmx25M -jar /home/reichelt/commons-io/target/surefire/surefirebooter6661636703131088733.jar /home/reichelt/commons-io/target/surefire 2018-10-31T18-30-50_926-jvmRun1 surefire4405197448341812663tmp surefire_1048154306090710821475tmp
[ERROR] Error occurred in starting fork, check output in log
[ERROR] Process Exit Code: 1
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.fork(ForkStarter.java:671)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.fork(ForkStarter.java:533)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.access$600(ForkStarter.java:115)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter$2.call(ForkStarter.java:429)
[ERROR]     at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter$2.call(ForkStarter.java:406)
[ERROR]     at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
[ERROR]     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
[ERROR]     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
[ERROR]     at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

target/surefire-reports包含以下内容的许多重复

# Created on 2018-10-31T18:31:48.243
Error: Could not find or load main class org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter 

我尝试的任何其他项目都表现出类似的行为。

我尝试下载maven 3.5.4，解压缩它，通过export path=/home/reichelt/downloads/apache-maven-3.5.4-bin/apache-maven-3.5.4/bin:$path将它添加到路径中，并运行较新的版本，但这没有改变任何东西（而mvn-version可以正常工作并显示较新的版本）。Maven3.5.0也有同样的情况。

Maven错误：找不到或加载主类org.codehaus.plexus.ClassWorlds.Launcher.Launcher建议设置export m3_home=/usr/share/Maven和export java_home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/应该有所帮助，但不幸的是，没有。

我尝试删除~/.m2，但不幸的是，这也没有帮助。

使用docker run-it ubuntu在docker容器中运行，并运行

apt update
apt install -y openjdk-8-jdk maven git
mvn -version
git clone https://github.com/apache/commons-io.git
cd commons-io/
mvn test

产生相同的行为，所以这似乎不仅仅是我安装的问题。

yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64*
yum install wget
wget http://ftp-stud.hs-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/ftp.apache.org/dist/maven/maven-3/3.5.4/binaries/apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.tar.gz
tar -xvf apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.tar.gz 
yum install git
export PATH=/apache-maven-3.5.4/bin:$PATH
mvn -version
git clone https://github.com/apache/commons-io.git
cd commons-io/
mvn test

有人知道如何解决这个问题吗？

按照消息提示进行编辑，这似乎是找不到forkedbooter的问题。https://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/examples/class-loading.html描述了surefire可以由引导器jar中的独立类加载器使用，也可以由仅清单的jar使用。默认情况下，我使用的是一个仅有清单的jar，它包含如下内容：

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Class-Path: file:/home/reichelt/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/surefi
 re/surefire-booter/2.21.0/surefire-booter-2.21.0.jar file:/home/reich
 elt/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/surefire/surefire-api/2.21.0/sure
 fire-api-2.21.0.jar file:/home/reichelt/.m2/repository/org/apache/mav
 en/surefire/surefire-logger-api/2.21.0/surefire-logger-api-2.21.0.jar
  file:/home/reichelt/commons-io/target/test-classes/ file:/home/reich
 elt/commons-io/target/classes/ file:/home/reichelt/.m2/repository/jun
 it/junit/4.12/junit-4.12.jar file:/home/reichelt/.m2/repository/org/h
 amcrest/hamcrest-core/1.3/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar file:/home/reichelt/.
 m2/repository/org/apache/maven/surefire/surefire-junit4/2.21.0/surefi
 re-junit4-2.21.0.jar
Main-Class: org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter

在我看来这很好:/home/reichelt/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/surefire/surefire-booter/2.21.0/surefire-booter-2.21.0.jar很好，它包含一个org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.forkedbooter的类文件。

通过添加

<useSystemClassLoader>true</useSystemClassLoader>
<useManifestOnlyJar>false</useManifestOnlyJar>

到pom，构建将再次运行。这似乎是一个没有使用forkedbooter的解决方案。虽然这是一个变通办法，但我还是想知道：我可以进一步调试这个问题，以便找到一个原因，而这不适合当前的Ubuntu？由于它不能与其他maven版本一起工作（即使是在一个新的Ubuntu docker容器中），但可以在一个Fedora容器中工作，我认为原因与Ubuntu默认配置有关。

Answer 1

有趣的故事：事实上，这是一个OpenJDK更新问题。

我通过sudozcat/var/log/apt/history.log.1.gzless阅读了我的上一个历史记录（根据logrotating的不同，它是.1，可能是其他任何东西）。这表明今天上午运行了一个更新：

Start-Date: 2018-10-31  10:38:04
Commandline: /usr/bin/unattended-upgrade
Upgrade: openjdk-8-jdk:amd64 (8u181-b13-0ubuntu0.18.04.1, 8u181-b13-1ubuntu0.18.04.1), openjdk-8-jre:amd64 (8u181-b13-0ubuntu0.18.04.1, 8u181-b13-1ubuntu0.18.04.1), openjdk-8-jdk-headless:amd64 (8u181-b13-0ubuntu0.18.04.1, 8u181-b13-1ubuntu0.18.04.1), openjdk-8-jre-headless:amd64 (8u181-b13-0ubuntu0.18.04.1, 8u181-b13-1ubuntu0.18.04.1)
End-Date: 2018-10-31  10:38:09

因此，由于某种原因，OpenJDK8U181似乎与html" target="_blank">maven 3.5.2和Surefire不兼容。由于我已经安装了软件包升级，我再次使用sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk=8u162-b12-1 openjdk-8-jre=8u162-b12-1 openjdk-8-jdk-headless=8u162-b12-1 openjdk-8-jdk-headless=8u162-b12-1降级。现在测试又起作用了。

在https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/Java/javase/8u-relnotes-2225394.html中，Java8u171、8u172和8u181似乎不包含使使用仅支持Maninfest的surefire jar变得不可能的更新，但我只是在上面看了一下，并没有深入研究bug报告。

OpenJDK上已经报告了编辑错误：https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi？bug=911925

编辑2此错误在Java1.8.0_191中被修复，mvn测试再次正常运行。