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问题：

在解密AES-GCM时遇到问题

酆光熙
2023-03-14

我一直在试图找出java安全/加密库的方法，我相信我在理解发生了什么方面取得了一些进展。我想我设法让加密部分工作了。在encrypt方法中，如果我只是尝试返回返回新字符串(encryptedText，“UTF-8”）；，我会得到一些看起来像加密文本的不可读的杂乱无章的东西。当我试图不返回它，而是继续调用decrypt并进行明文-->encrypt-->decrypt是我所拥有的一切时，问题就来了

import javax.crypto.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

public class AES256_GCM {

public String encrypt(String cleartext) {

    try 
    {
        // encoding format needs thought
        byte[] clearTextbytes = cleartext.getBytes("UTF-8");
        final SecureRandom secureKeyRandomness = SecureRandom.getInstanceStrong();
        final KeyGenerator AES_keyInstance = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
        AES_keyInstance.init(128, secureKeyRandomness);
        final SecretKey secretKey = AES_keyInstance.generateKey();
        final Cipher AES_cipherInstance = Cipher.getInstance("AES/GCM/NoPadding");
        AES_cipherInstance.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        byte[] encryptedText = AES_cipherInstance.doFinal(clearTextbytes);
        return decrypt(encryptedText, secretKey);
    } 
    catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException | InvalidKeyException | IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException | UnsupportedEncodingException e) 
    {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return "something went wrong with encrypt";
} // encrypt.

public String decrypt(byte[] encryptedText, SecretKey secretKey) {
    try 
    {
        final Cipher AES_cipherInstance = Cipher.getInstance("AES/GCM/NoPadding");
        AES_cipherInstance.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        byte[] decryptedText = AES_cipherInstance.doFinal(encryptedText);
        return new String(decryptedText, "UTF-8");
    } 
    catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException | InvalidKeyException | IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException | UnsupportedEncodingException e) 
    {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return "something went wrong with decrypt";
} // decrypt.

} // AES256_GCM.

所以我用一些明文调用encrypt，并尝试返回明文以确保它工作。下面是我正在处理的问题，任何与javafx相关的内容都可能是无关紧要的。返回加密的字符串没有问题，只有解密的字符串抛出这个。

“Decrypt的something bour”返回，后面跟着：

    java.security.InvalidKeyException: Parameters missing
    at com.sun.crypto.provider.CipherCore.init(CipherCore.java:470)
    at com.sun.crypto.provider.AESCipher.engineInit(AESCipher.java:313)
    at javax.crypto.Cipher.implInit(Cipher.java:801)
    at javax.crypto.Cipher.chooseProvider(Cipher.java:863)
    at javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:1248)
    at javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:1185)
    at PackageName.AES256_GCM.decrypt(AES256_GCM.java:49)
    at PackageName.AES256_GCM.encrypt(AES256_GCM.java:36)
    at com.javafxpractice.PackageName.letsEncrypt.letsEnc(letsEncrypt.java:10)
    at com.javafxpractice.PackageName.Controller.onClicked(Controller.java:24)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.misc.Trampoline.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor1.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.misc.MethodUtil.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$MethodHandler.invoke(FXMLLoader.java:1769)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$ControllerMethodEventHandler.handle(FXMLLoader.java:1657)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.CompositeEventHandler.dispatchBubblingEvent(CompositeEventHandler.java:86)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventHandlerManager.dispatchBubblingEvent(EventHandlerManager.java:238)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventHandlerManager.dispatchBubblingEvent(EventHandlerManager.java:191)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.CompositeEventDispatcher.dispatchBubblingEvent(CompositeEventDispatcher.java:59)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:58)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventUtil.fireEventImpl(EventUtil.java:74)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventUtil.fireEvent(EventUtil.java:49)
    at javafx.event.Event.fireEvent(Event.java:198)
    at javafx.scene.Node.fireEvent(Node.java:8413)
    at javafx.scene.control.Button.fire(Button.java:185)
    at com.sun.javafx.scene.control.behavior.ButtonBehavior.mouseReleased(ButtonBehavior.java:182)
    at com.sun.javafx.scene.control.skin.BehaviorSkinBase$1.handle(BehaviorSkinBase.java:96)
    at com.sun.javafx.scene.control.skin.BehaviorSkinBase$1.handle(BehaviorSkinBase.java:89)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.CompositeEventHandler$NormalEventHandlerRecord.handleBubblingEvent(CompositeEventHandler.java:218)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.CompositeEventHandler.dispatchBubblingEvent(CompositeEventHandler.java:80)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventHandlerManager.dispatchBubblingEvent(EventHandlerManager.java:238)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventHandlerManager.dispatchBubblingEvent(EventHandlerManager.java:191)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.CompositeEventDispatcher.dispatchBubblingEvent(CompositeEventDispatcher.java:59)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:58)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventUtil.fireEventImpl(EventUtil.java:74)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventUtil.fireEvent(EventUtil.java:54)
    at javafx.event.Event.fireEvent(Event.java:198)
    at javafx.scene.Scene$MouseHandler.process(Scene.java:3757)
    at javafx.scene.Scene$MouseHandler.access$1500(Scene.java:3485)
    at javafx.scene.Scene.impl_processMouseEvent(Scene.java:1762)
    at javafx.scene.Scene$ScenePeerListener.mouseEvent(Scene.java:2494)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler$MouseEventNotification.run(GlassViewEventHandler.java:394)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler$MouseEventNotification.run(GlassViewEventHandler.java:295)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler.lambda$handleMouseEvent$353(GlassViewEventHandler.java:432)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.runWithoutRenderLock(QuantumToolkit.java:389)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler.handleMouseEvent(GlassViewEventHandler.java:431)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.View.handleMouseEvent(View.java:555)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.View.notifyMouse(View.java:937)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$null$147(WinApplication.java:177)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
java.security.InvalidKeyException: Parameters missing
    at com.sun.crypto.provider.CipherCore.init(CipherCore.java:470)
    at com.sun.crypto.provider.AESCipher.engineInit(AESCipher.java:313)
    at javax.crypto.Cipher.implInit(Cipher.java:801)
    at javax.crypto.Cipher.chooseProvider(Cipher.java:863)
    at javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:1248)
    at javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:1185)
    at PackageName.AES256_GCM.decrypt(AES256_GCM.java:49)
    at PackageName.AES256_GCM.encrypt(AES256_GCM.java:36)
    at com.javafxpractice.PackageName.letsEncrypt.letsEnc(letsEncrypt.java:10)
    at com.javafxpractice.PackageName.Controller.onEnter(Controller.java:32)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.misc.Trampoline.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor1.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.misc.MethodUtil.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$MethodHandler.invoke(FXMLLoader.java:1769)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$ControllerMethodEventHandler.handle(FXMLLoader.java:1657)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.CompositeEventHandler.dispatchBubblingEvent(CompositeEventHandler.java:86)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventHandlerManager.dispatchBubblingEvent(EventHandlerManager.java:238)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventHandlerManager.dispatchBubblingEvent(EventHandlerManager.java:191)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.CompositeEventDispatcher.dispatchBubblingEvent(CompositeEventDispatcher.java:59)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:58)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventUtil.fireEventImpl(EventUtil.java:74)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventUtil.fireEvent(EventUtil.java:54)
    at javafx.event.Event.fireEvent(Event.java:198)
    at javafx.scene.Scene$KeyHandler.process(Scene.java:3964)
    at javafx.scene.Scene$KeyHandler.access$1800(Scene.java:3910)
    at javafx.scene.Scene.impl_processKeyEvent(Scene.java:2040)
    at javafx.scene.Scene$ScenePeerListener.keyEvent(Scene.java:2501)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler$KeyEventNotification.run(GlassViewEventHandler.java:217)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler$KeyEventNotification.run(GlassViewEventHandler.java:149)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler.lambda$handleKeyEvent$352(GlassViewEventHandler.java:248)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.runWithoutRenderLock(QuantumToolkit.java:389)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler.handleKeyEvent(GlassViewEventHandler.java:247)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.View.handleKeyEvent(View.java:546)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.View.notifyKey(View.java:966)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$null$147(WinApplication.java:177)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

共有1个答案

东郭海阳
2023-03-14

在IVParameterSpec的基础上添加了GCMParameterSpec。作为代码编辑的前奏，下面有一个很好的讨论是Java aes/gcm/nopadding-cipher.getiv（）给了我什么？

import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.GCMParameterSpec;
import java.security.*;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

public class EncryptDecrypt1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        EncryptDecrypt1 a = new EncryptDecrypt1();
        String encrypted = a.encrypt("My text");
        System.out.println(encrypted);      
    }
    public String encrypt(String cleartext) throws Exception {

        try 
        {
            // encoding format needs thought
            byte[] clearTextbytes = cleartext.getBytes("UTF-8");
            final SecureRandom secureKeyRandomness = SecureRandom.getInstanceStrong();
            final KeyGenerator AES_keyInstance = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
            AES_keyInstance.init(128, secureKeyRandomness);
            final SecretKey secretKey = AES_keyInstance.generateKey();
            final Cipher AES_cipherInstance = Cipher.getInstance("AES/GCM/NoPadding");
            AES_cipherInstance.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
            byte[] encryptedText = AES_cipherInstance.doFinal(clearTextbytes);

            byte[] iv = AES_cipherInstance.getIV();
            byte[] message = new byte[12 + clearTextbytes.length + 16];
            System.arraycopy(iv, 0, message, 0, 12);
            System.arraycopy(encryptedText, 0, message, 12, encryptedText.length);

            return decrypt(message, secretKey);
        } 
        catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException | InvalidKeyException | IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException | UnsupportedEncodingException e) 
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "something went wrong with encrypt";
    } // encrypt.

    public String decrypt(byte[] encryptedText, SecretKey secretKey) throws Exception {
        try 
        {
            final Cipher AES_cipherInstance = Cipher.getInstance("AES/GCM/NoPadding");
            GCMParameterSpec params = new GCMParameterSpec(128, encryptedText, 0, 12);
            AES_cipherInstance.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, params);
            byte[] decryptedText = AES_cipherInstance.doFinal(encryptedText, 12, encryptedText.length - 12);
            return new String(decryptedText, "UTF-8");
        } 
        catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException | InvalidKeyException | IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException | UnsupportedEncodingException e) 
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "something went wrong with decrypt";
    }

}
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