如何在方法上使用Lombok@Builder注释

Question

我想有一种简单的方法来构建测试数据，并发现生成器模式非常适合这里描述的情况。然而，为了减少组件测试中的样板代码，甚至更多，我发现来自龙目岛项目的@Builder是一个很好的候选人。然而，我找不到任何关于如何在方法上使用它的留档或在线示例。我想在某种工厂方法上使用@Builder，因为我不能对实现进行任何更改。

有人能举例说明如何在方法上实际使用@Builder？

Answer 1

使用方法上的@Builder来创建狗和猫实例。

在本例中，@Value使用访问器方法（getter）创建一个最终的不可变值对象，一个全参数构造函数，equals（），hashCode（）和toString（）。

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Value;

import org.junit.Test;

@SuppressWarnings("javadoc")
public class ImmutableAnimals {

    @Builder(builderMethodName = "dogBuilder")
    public static Dog newDog(String color, String barkSound) {
        return new Dog(color, barkSound);
    }

    @Builder(builderMethodName = "catBuilder")
    public static Cat newCat(String color, String meowSound) {
        return new Cat(color, meowSound);
    }

    public static interface Animal {
        String getColor();
    }

    @Value
    public static class Cat implements Animal {
        String color;
        String meowSound;
    }

    @Value
    public static class Dog implements Animal {
        String color;
        String barkSound;
    }

    @Test
    public void testDog() {
        final String expectedBarkSound = "woof";
        final String expectedColor = "brown";

        final Dog dog = ImmutableAnimals.dogBuilder()
            .barkSound(expectedBarkSound)
            .color(expectedColor)
            .build();

        assertEquals(expectedBarkSound, dog.getBarkSound());
        assertEquals(expectedColor, dog.getColor());
    }

    @Test
    public void testCat() {
        final String expectedMeowSound = "purr";
        final String expectedColor = "white";

        final Cat cat = ImmutableAnimals.catBuilder()
            .meowSound(expectedMeowSound)
            .color(expectedColor)
            .build();

        assertEquals(expectedMeowSound, cat.getMeowSound());
        assertEquals(expectedColor, cat.getColor());
    }
}

下面是另一个具有相同域类但使用可变值的示例。然而，只要有可能，总是喜欢不可变性。

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;

import org.junit.Test;

@SuppressWarnings("javadoc")
public class MutableAnimals {

    @Builder(builderMethodName = "dogBuilder")
    public static Dog newDog(String color, String barkSound) {
        final Dog dog = new Dog();
        dog.setBarkSound(barkSound);
        dog.setColor(color);
        return dog;
    }

    @Builder(builderMethodName = "catBuilder")
    public static Cat newCat(String color, String meowSound) {
        final Cat cat = new Cat();
        cat.setMeowSound(meowSound);
        cat.setColor(color);
        return cat;
    }

    public static interface Animal {
        String getColor();
    }

    @Data
    public static class Cat implements Animal {
        String color;
        String meowSound;
    }

    @Data
    public static class Dog implements Animal {
        String color;
        String barkSound;
    }

    @Test
    public void testDog() {
        final String expectedBarkSound = "woof";
        final String expectedColor = "brown";

        final Dog dog = MutableAnimals.dogBuilder()
            .barkSound(expectedBarkSound)
            .color(expectedColor)
            .build();

        assertEquals(expectedBarkSound, dog.getBarkSound());
        assertEquals(expectedColor, dog.getColor());
    }

    @Test
    public void testCat() {
        final String expectedMeowSound = "purr";
        final String expectedColor = "white";

        final Cat cat = MutableAnimals.catBuilder()
            .meowSound(expectedMeowSound)
            .color(expectedColor)
            .build();

        assertEquals(expectedMeowSound, cat.getMeowSound());
        assertEquals(expectedColor, cat.getColor());
    }
}

Answer 2

这就是你如何使用@Builder。

//Employee.Java
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.ToString;

@Builder
@ToString
public class Employee {
   private final String empName;
   private final int salary;
}

//   Main.java

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Employee emp = Employee.builder().empName("Deendaya").salary(100).build();
    System.out.println(emp);
  }
}