Spring 通过 XML Bean-definition 注册多个Hibernate数据源

Question

目标： 通过@PersistenceContext访问多个持久性单元/数据源。

问题：在 Spring xml 配置中不流畅。注册多个数据源似乎需要多个 EntityManagerFactory，这会导致错误，指出 EntityManagerFactory 不是唯一的。我尝试了两个带有抽象父级的实体管理器工厂，因为我无法在实体管理器工厂定义中添加多个数据源而不是单个数据源。我该如何解决这个问题？

我不能使用SpringBoot或JpaRepositories。Spring-jdbc和orm用于4.3.4.RELEASE版本，spring-data-jpa用于1.10.5.RELEASE版本。

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'aDaoImpl': Injection of persistence dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory' available: expected single matching bean but found 2: entityManagerFactory,entityManagerFactory-2
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:357)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1219)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:551)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:754)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:866)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:542)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:128)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:108)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:251)
    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:98)
    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:116)
    ... 24 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory' available: expected single matching bean but found 2: entityManagerFactory,entityManagerFactory-2
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveNamedBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1034)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveNamedBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:981)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.findDefaultEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:579)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.findEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:546)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$PersistenceElement.resolveEntityManager(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:707)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$PersistenceElement.getResourceToInject(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:680)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata$InjectedElement.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:169)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:354)
    ... 40 more

从服务到数据库的当前路径由以下文件组成。请注意，这仅显示一个数据源的尝试。解决上述错误后，将添加另一个。

道：

public class Dao {

    @PersistenceContext(name= "puName") // tried unitName=... as well
    protected EntityManager em;

    ...

使用道的测试：

@ContextConfiguration("classpath:beans-context.xml")
public class DaoTest extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests {

    @Autowired
    private Dao testable;

    @PersistenceContext(name= "puName") // tried unitName=... as well
    protected EntityManager em;

    ...

bean-config . XML:

...
<import resource="db-context.xml"/>
...

db-context.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd">

    <bean id="dataSource1" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="org.h2.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:h2:mem:test;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1"/>
        <property name="username" value="sa"/>
        <property name="password" value=""/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="dataSource2" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="org.h2.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:h2:mem:test2;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1"/>
        <property name="username" value="sa"/>
        <property name="password" value=""/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" parent="abstractEntityManagerFactory">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource1"/>
        <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="puName"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- this causes the NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException -->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory-2" parent="abstractEntityManagerFactory">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource2"/>
        <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="puName2"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="abstractEntityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"
            abstract="true">
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect"/>
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/>

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"/>

</beans>

更新:

我尝试添加@Qualifier但我仍然是NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException...预期单个匹配的 bean，但找到 2：实体管理器工厂，实体管理器工厂-2。

@PersistenceContext(name = "puName")
@Qualifier("entityManagerFactory")
protected EntityManager em;

更新:

使用组件扫描扩展Spring配置不会改变错误。

bean-config . XML:

<context:component-scan annotation-config="true" base-package="path.to.package"/>
<import resource="db-context.xml"/>

更新：方法注入而不是字段注入不会更改错误。

Answer 1

您的代码包含两个歧义:

1. @Per一致上下文的单元分辨率。
2. JpaTransactionManager的单元分辨率。

若要解决< code>@PersistenceContext的二义性，请使用< code > @ persistence context(unitName =…)而不是< code > @ persistence context(name =…)

@PersistenceContext(unitName = "puName")
protected EntityManager em1;

@PersistenceContext(unitName = "puName2")
protected EntityManager em2;

JpaTransactionManager还需要提示，否则初始化失败

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory' available: expected single matching bean but found 2: entityManagerFactory,entityManagerFactory-2
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveNamedBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1034)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:340)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:335)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryUtils.findEntityManagerFactory(EntityManagerFactoryUtils.java:143)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.setBeanFactory(JpaTransactionManager.java:292)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeAwareMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1602)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1570)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:553)
    ... 38 more

因此，解决歧义的一种方法是设置持久性单位名称

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="puName" />
</bean>