如何在Selenium WebDriver中使用异常处理？

Question

driver.findElement(By.id("loginUsername")).sendKeys(username);

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;


import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.log4j.xml.DOMConfigurator;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class A {


    static Properties p= new Properties();
    String url=p.getProperty("url");
    private static Logger Log = Logger.getLogger(A.class.getName());

    public static void main(String[] args) throws SAXException, IOException, ParserConfigurationException, InterruptedException {
        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
        A a = new A();

        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
        DOMConfigurator.configure("src/log4j.xml");
        String url = a.readXML("logindetails","url");
        String username = a.readXML("logindetails","username");
        String password = a.readXML("logindetails","password");

        //use username for webdriver specific actions
        Log.info("Sign in to the OneReports website");
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.get(url);// In this line after opens the browser it gets the URL from my **D://NewFile.xml* file and try to open in the browser. If the Server is not reachable then it should stop here. else it takes the username and password from the same file then it will open the page in browser.
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        Log.info("Enter Username");
        driver.findElement(By.id("loginUsername")).sendKeys(username);
        Log.info("Enter Password");
        driver.findElement(By.id("loginPassword")).sendKeys(password); 
        //submit
        Log.info("Submitting login details");
        waitforElement(driver,120 , "//*[@id='submit']");
        driver.findElement(By.id("submit")).submit();
        Thread.sleep(5000);


    }

    private static void waitforElement(WebDriver driver, int i, String string) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    public String readXML(String searchelement,String tag) throws SAXException, IOException, ParserConfigurationException{
        String ele = null;
        File fXmlFile = new File("D://NewFile.xml");
        DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
        Document doc = dBuilder.parse(fXmlFile);
        doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
        NodeList nList = doc.getElementsByTagName(searchelement);
        Node nNode = nList.item(0);
        if (nNode.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
            Element eElement = (Element) nNode;
            ele=eElement.getElementsByTagName(tag).item(0).getTextContent();
        }
        return ele;
    }

}

代码错误

行，我在控制台中得到如下错误：无法找到元素：{“method”：“id”,“selector”：“loginusername”}命令持续时间或超时：262毫秒

try
    {
        driver.get(url);
    }
    catch(Exception e)
    {
        Reporter.log("network server is slow..check internet connection");
        Log.info("Unable to open the website");
        throw new Error("network server is slow..check internet connection");
    }

Answer 1

基本上，您要做的是检查浏览器发送的请求的HTTP响应代码。如果代码为200，则希望代码继续执行。如果不是，那么您希望它跳过它后面的代码。

selenium还没有实现检查响应代码的方法。您可以检查此链接以查看有关此问题的详细信息。

目前，您所能做的就是使用HTTPurlConnection发送一个链接请求，然后检查响应状态代码。

public static boolean linkExists(String URLName){
    try {
        HttpURLConnection.setFollowRedirects(false);
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(URLName).openConnection();
        conn.setRequestMethod("HEAD"); // Using HEAD since we wish to fetch only meta data
        return (conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        return false;
    }
}

if(linkExists(url)) {
    driver.get(url);
    // Continue ...
} else {
    // Do something else ...
}

方法2：否则你可以试试这个。创建一个名为LinkDoesNotExistException的异常类，如下所示：

linkdoesNotexistException.java

public class LinkDoesNotExistException extends Exception {
    public LinkDoesNotExistException() {
        System.out.println("Link Does Not Exist!");
    }
}

然后添加这个函数，在A类中。

public static void openIfLinkExists(WebDriver driver, String URLName) throws LinkDoesNotExistException {
    try {
        HttpURLConnection.setFollowRedirects(false);
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(URLName).openConnection();
        conn.setRequestMethod("HEAD"); // Using HEAD since we wish to fetch only meta data
        if(conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
            driver.get(URLName);
        } else {
            throw new LinkDoesNotExistException();
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new LinkDoesNotExistException();
    }
}

try {
    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
    openLinkIfExist(driver, url);
    // Continues with execution if link exist
} catch(LinkDoesNotExistException e) {
    // Exceutes this block if the link does not exist
}