如何在 Python 中生成可重现（带有种子）的随机 UUID

Question

Python的模块< code>uuid的uuid4()函数生成一个随机uuid，似乎每次都会生成一个不同的:

In [1]: import uuid

In [2]: uuid.uuid4()
Out[2]: UUID('f6c9ad6c-eea0-4049-a7c5-56253bc3e9c0')

In [3]: uuid.uuid4()
Out[3]: UUID('2fc1b6f9-9052-4564-9be0-777e790af58f')

我希望每次运行脚本时都能生成相同的随机UUID，也就是说，我希望在uuid4（）中种子随机生成器。有办法做到这一点吗？（或通过其他方式实现）？

我必须使用< code>uuid生成一个UUID。UUID()方法使用一个随机的128位整数(来自< code>random的种子实例。Random())作为输入:

import uuid
import random

rd = random.Random()
rd.seed(0)
uuid.UUID(rd.getrandbits(128))

然而，UUID（）似乎不接受此输入：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "uuid_gen_seed.py", line 6, in <module>
    uuid.UUID(rd.getrandbits(128))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/uuid.py", line 133, in __init__
    hex = hex.replace('urn:', '').replace('uuid:', '')
AttributeError: 'long' object has no attribute 'replace'

还有其他建议吗？

Answer 1

这是基于此处使用的解决方案：

import hashlib
import uuid

m = hashlib.md5()
m.update(seed.encode('utf-8'))
new_uuid = uuid.UUID(m.hexdigest())

Answer 2

Faker让这变得容易

>>> from faker import Faker
>>> f1 = Faker()
>>> f1.seed(4321)
>>> print(f1.uuid4())
cc733c92-6853-15f6-0e49-bec741188ebb
>>> print(f1.uuid4())
a41f020c-2d4d-333f-f1d3-979f1043fae0
>>> f1.seed(4321)
>>> print(f1.uuid4())
cc733c92-6853-15f6-0e49-bec741188ebb

Answer 3

几乎在那里：

uuid.UUID(int=rd.getrandbits(128))

这是在help的帮助下确定的：

>>> help(uuid.UUID.__init__)
Help on method __init__ in module uuid:

__init__(self, hex=None, bytes=None, bytes_le=None, fields=None, int=None, version=None) unbound uuid.UUID method
    Create a UUID from either a string of 32 hexadecimal digits,
    a string of 16 bytes as the 'bytes' argument, a string of 16 bytes
    in little-endian order as the 'bytes_le' argument, a tuple of six
    integers (32-bit time_low, 16-bit time_mid, 16-bit time_hi_version,
    8-bit clock_seq_hi_variant, 8-bit clock_seq_low, 48-bit node) as
    the 'fields' argument, or a single 128-bit integer as the 'int'
    argument.  When a string of hex digits is given, curly braces,
    hyphens, and a URN prefix are all optional.  For example, these
    expressions all yield the same UUID:

    UUID('{12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678}')
    UUID('12345678123456781234567812345678')
    UUID('urn:uuid:12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678')
    UUID(bytes='\x12\x34\x56\x78'*4)
    UUID(bytes_le='\x78\x56\x34\x12\x34\x12\x78\x56' +
                  '\x12\x34\x56\x78\x12\x34\x56\x78')
    UUID(fields=(0x12345678, 0x1234, 0x5678, 0x12, 0x34, 0x567812345678))
    UUID(int=0x12345678123456781234567812345678)

    Exactly one of 'hex', 'bytes', 'bytes_le', 'fields', or 'int' must
    be given.  The 'version' argument is optional; if given, the resulting
    UUID will have its variant and version set according to RFC 4122,
    overriding the given 'hex', 'bytes', 'bytes_le', 'fields', or 'int'.