如何在Spring Boot中注入MockMvc？

Question

以下是关于Spring Boot中集成测试的教程：http://www.baeldung.com/spring-boot-testing

但是当我尝试注入MockMvc时，我总是得到：

创建在类路径资源[org/springframework/boot/test/autoconfigure/web/servlet/MockMvcAutoConfiguration.class]中定义的名为“mockMvcBuilder”的bean时出错：通过工厂方法实例化bean失败；嵌套的异常是org。springframework。豆。BeanInstationException:未能实例化[org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.DefaultMockMvcBuilder]：工厂方法“mockMvcBuilder”引发异常；嵌套的异常是java。lang.NoClassDefFoundError:org/springframework/web/servlet/DispatcherServlet

我的测试班是：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(
        webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT,
        classes = MyApplication.class)
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class MyControllerIntegrationTest {

    @Inject
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    //Some code here

嗯，我可以看到它找不到DispatcherServlet，但我不确定为什么会发生这种情况。。。测试接缝是否正确。

有人知道我错过了什么吗？

编辑：

这是我的POM的相关部分：

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.0.RC1</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jersey</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
            <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>

Answer 1

顾名思义，MockMvc是Spring Web MVC架构体系的模拟堆栈（具有模拟请求、响应等）。由于您使用的是泽西，因此无法使用MockMvc进行测试。使用Boot，您可能希望使用@SpringBootTest在随机端口上启动容器，并使用TestRestTem板发出（真实的本地）HTTP请求进行测试。