Amazon ec2显示“权限被拒绝（公钥）”

Question

我想ssh到我的亚马逊ec2，但总是显示许可被拒绝（公钥）。

ssh -i "tsaohucn.pem" [e-mail] -vvv

这是调试信息。

OpenSSH_7.3p1, LibreSSL 2.4.1
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 20: Applying options for *
debug2: resolving "ec2-54-213-252-182.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com" port 22
debug2: ssh_connect_direct: needpriv 0
debug1: Connecting to ec2-54-213-252-182.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com [54.213.252.182] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file tsaohucn.pem type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file tsaohucn.pem-cert type -1
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.3
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_6.6.1p1 Ubuntu-2ubuntu2.8
debug1: match: OpenSSH_6.6.1p1 Ubuntu-2ubuntu2.8 pat OpenSSH_6.6.1* compat 0x04000000
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug1: Authenticating to ec2-54-213-252-182.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com:22 as 'ubuntu'
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/Users/kaogaau/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /Users/kaogaau/.ssh/known_hosts:3
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from ec2-54-213-252-182.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: [e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521
debug3: send packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug3: receive packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: [e-mail],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,ext-info-c
debug2: host key algorithms: [e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[e-mail],[e-mail],ssh-ed25519,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa
debug2: ciphers ctos: [e-mail],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[e-mail],[e-mail],aes128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,3des-cbc
debug2: ciphers stoc: [e-mail],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[e-mail],[e-mail],aes128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,3des-cbc
debug2: MACs ctos: [e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: [e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,[e-mail],zlib
debug2: compression stoc: none,[e-mail],zlib
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: [e-mail],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
debug2: host key algorithms: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
debug2: ciphers ctos: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[e-mail]
debug2: ciphers stoc: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[e-mail]
debug2: MACs ctos: [e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[e-mail],[e-mail],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,[e-mail],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: MACs stoc: [e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],[e-mail],hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[e-mail],[e-mail],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,[e-mail],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: compression ctos: none,[e-mail]
debug2: compression stoc: none,[e-mail]
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug1: kex: algorithm: [e-mail]
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: [e-mail] MAC:  compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: [e-mail] MAC:  compression: none
debug3: send packet: type 30
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug3: receive packet: type 31
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:w9ILtc0o/o2k0qd3FSHXyiP9x9uPVnUWEYuuFr21Ft4
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/Users/kaogaau/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /Users/kaogaau/.ssh/known_hosts:3
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from ec2-54-213-252-182.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/Users/kaogaau/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /Users/kaogaau/.ssh/known_hosts:2
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from 54.213.252.182
debug1: Host 'ec2-54-213-252-182.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /Users/kaogaau/.ssh/known_hosts:3
debug3: send packet: type 21
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug3: receive packet: type 21
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug2: key: tsaohucn.pem (0x0), explicit
debug3: send packet: type 5
debug3: receive packet: type 6
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug3: receive packet: type 51
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey
debug3: preferred publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: tsaohucn.pem
debug3: sign_and_send_pubkey: RSA SHA256:dcqlb/XKI3QtFZkQgarVwizp0n3p46C3TtcWNMxGlgw
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug3: receive packet: type 51
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
Permission denied (publickey).

有人知道会发生什么吗？

Answer 1

debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file tsaohucn.pem type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory

请检查您是否指向键（. pem）文件的正确位置。

在命令中指定绝对路径。

chmod 600 /home/user/directory1/whatever/mykey.pem
ssh -i /home/user/directory1/whatever/mykey.pem

Answer 2

我重新创建了一个新的ec2实例和一个新的密钥对，它可以正常工作。我不知道为什么，但是当我使用旧的密钥对时，可能会带来一些错误。

Answer 3

EC2实例的权限被拒绝的原因。

1. 启动EC2实例时，必须选择公共子网，并且必须在“网络”部分启用公共ip
2. 您必须在安全组的入站规则中打开端口22并打开计算机的公共IP才能访问实例
3. 确保internet网关已连接到启动EC2实例的公共子网