获得不同的加密结果——RSA-Java和Openssl

Question

当我用Java和Openssl加密字符串时，我无法解密从Openssl获得的密码（使用Javascript Crypto-Subtle），但Java密码已成功解密（使用Crypto-Substle Web API JS）。你能调查一下并告知错误在哪里吗？

< li >以下是JS Crypto Sublte API生成的Base64中的RSA公钥和私钥示例:

公钥（RSA-OAEP、monulus 2048、哈希SHA-256）：

MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA8JhmO71HZ1vb8uxKhw6MM+ZvtTmc9Tw6AFpJVgXKiTjebj1SPdnxhdhJ5Bj15RN0rGNACXhAyUdn7zsp66/tmjNuC91L+9PvQBjDbXLsx7XUV9nIGJ3aYO5/qruVNXwyemf7wlwZVDF7oeZ8JUfjABTg7a7xui2WdXDHgvhTQdvQ9TS0NkX9xWAiDSn/HWfoEBC7TLeKeVjHsT7g1JnskGxfVhFrLfxQCxYZle4ebXP7dCPsff4WNNCxzBQtHHt8iEoZ0SVKBzS5zhdLHIdAIW4ELdnYsM7iTlWZO+kfWnlV2i13lAJobhxOAqwsg4OqkTsrx0KtWfZH40bNtFzx8wIDAQAB

私钥（相同参数）：

   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

这里是Java代码，它接收公钥作为Base64字符串，并从ite创建PublicKey实例。然后我用这个密钥加密一个文本字符串，并将密码编码为Base64字符串。

String stringToEncrypt = "This is encrypted message!!!";

byte[] publicKeyBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode("MIIBIjANBgkqhki....");

Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/OAEPPadding");

OAEPParameterSpec oaepParams = new OAEPParameterSpec("SHA-256", "MGF1", new 
MGF1ParameterSpec("SHA-256"),PSource.PSpecified.DEFAULT);

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

PublicKey rsaPublicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(publicKeyBytes));

cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, rsaPublicKey,oaepParams);

String cipherBytes = 
Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(cipher.doFinal(stringToEncrypt.getBytes()));

然后，JS Crypto微妙的代码成功解密cipherBytes Base64字符串:

第一个密钥对生成代码：

const keyPair = await window.crypto.subtle.generateKey(
            {
                name: "RSA-OAEP",
                modulusLength: 2048,
                publicExponent: new Uint8Array([1, 0, 1]),
                hash: "SHA-256"
            },
            true,
            ["encrypt", "decrypt"]
        )

导入私钥=

    return window.crypto.subtle
          .importKey("pkcs8", base64StringToArrayBuffer(privateKeyInPem), {
              name: "RSA-OAEP",
              hash: "SHA-256",
          }, true, ["decrypt"]).then(key=>{
              return key;
          })

然后解密密码

        const dec = new TextDecoder();

        function str2ab(str: any) {
            const buf = new ArrayBuffer(str.length);
            const bufView = new Uint8Array(buf);
            for (let i = 0, strLen = str.length; i < strLen; i++) {
                bufView[i] = str.charCodeAt(i);
            }

            return buf;
        }

        console.log('cipher: '+cipher)
        return window.crypto.subtle.decrypt({
                name: "RSA-OAEP",
            },
            privateKey,
            str2ab(window.atob(cipher))
        ).then(result=>{
            console.log('DECRYPTED MSG:'+dec.decode(result));
        })

但问题是当我尝试从 openssl 解密密码时 - 它不起作用。这是我使用的Openssl命令：

OpenSSL> rsautl -encrypt -pubin -keyform DER -inkey publicKey.der -oaep -in input.txt -out out.bin

我使用的是相同的公钥，刚刚从Base64字符串转换为DER格式（使用Java-1将Base64字符串密钥转换为DER）。解码base64字符串-

最后一个Openssl操作将二进制数据从out.bin转换为Base64字符串

OpenSSL> enc -A -base64 -in out.bin -out base64.txt

Answer 1

rsautl不可更改地使用SHA1作为OAEP摘要，请参阅此处。由于您在WebCrypto代码中应用SHA256，因此您必须改用pkeyutl，这允许规范摘要：

openssl pkeyutl -in plaintext.txt -out ciphertext.bin -encrypt -keyform DER -pubin -inkey spki.der -pkeyopt rsa_padding_mode:oaep -pkeyopt rsa_oaep_md:sha256 -pkeyopt rsa_mgf1_md:sha256 

以这种方式生成的密文可以使用WebCrypto代码进行解密：

(async () => {

// your private key
var privateKeyInPem = "MIIEvwIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKkwggSlAgEAAoIBAQDwmGY7vUdnW9vy7EqHDowz5m+1OZz1PDoAWklWBcqJON5uPVI92fGF2EnkGPXlE3SsY0AJeEDJR2fvOynrr+2aM24L3Uv70+9AGMNtcuzHtdRX2cgYndpg7n+qu5U1fDJ6Z/vCXBlUMXuh5nwlR+MAFODtrvG6LZZ1cMeC+FNB29D1NLQ2Rf3FYCINKf8dZ+gQELtMt4p5WMexPuDUmeyQbF9WEWst/FALFhmV7h5tc/t0I+x9/hY00LHMFC0ce3yIShnRJUoHNLnOF0sch0AhbgQt2diwzuJOVZk76R9aeVXaLXeUAmhuHE4CrCyDg6qROyvHQq1Z9kfjRs20XPHzAgMBAAECggEAPtCjPGyeFFu00LclfB5tt20t9CQ/GP3o7MelxvpLF0mMNT74VmKs/rNqE037ARxzxUBCa1aEn6hvd9O8DadIgw5zaFCWMoDyQYtVlqE/NaMA9hDLf7XS2qTaGyLPgX/UFAZLAkMWb9ddfncVKYybtR0+Xn/i56dYVYAk7spTvmkai5Q4Li5eEJqrRNse5fg/wiwDda/cWlEvlvfziAjU51gS/Y9ItUT8Z1g8A2NYfqgFVgBVb0qrtbP76TWPbeLZr1FXTMDB0MO+zuC+1lq48+CYqSJqi9a4GlW2gi0wkaQe3VIOsHipv82kSh20LczXiSKqF58F8m4whWqpa02rrQKBgQD6tbuFiY8fVXi44m1mFO7KDIVXFjuMca0+qXisVaUhG4q42fnlHN0kyuH2IFXNxHD+gE4MnvAUkXDkG1znaz8vM2tfQn6vSpU7OytwOt6UEMWm+112083nGMUy1Me/6rAJbBWfTAl0KXY9/Y/SuEL8u+W6Eas+eASUIe1DooI4xwKBgQD1rAfUXjuRH6WFnbITdG8B3WVZhRCx3YuQVE1UnHR8N6qfx6qKIricvKMSvtWAj0UiIbSA8DENyfMiyAbGpZ0cILxtdXZOtZFW9hfiOeLptnYKTJXOiGoju1prxpUNUKu/1kd7e0clxN75mooge8yFFA6il43wYhhwO2si+FYJdQKBgQDL+1TpX3StX9NrSf8MkXd/uRQ8OQCWUl9MnoJqZPyHpWsG34Ms4IElUFTs9n4Zfv0YdLgMGLzpXzRkw8ahG2c7NjDkPqvoX1xv5sJ++8bg3YyTQe1XoxjiMAsyQmGLSp2T7PbitvDyLFHiOg3surL2AsL00y9rEidXhwsOfohJPQKBgQCqhw4sQHjShIgNlmfMj06amcZG/FGZVPISbiH7cFp++tjp7duX5QAGc/4x/dsPUOOpDIJR2egC7UJiyzvA2aaTprmEtTs46VmIZmwvsQSsO+X1wjFeWlxqjxr1orNFudBt6dxWfzzkn6Iy2i203Jobac+61r5EtKLIDMaSUJTQHQKBgQDaNTfgakpyZBSp/Ydzu76qDKpzGuDqrLBnR/lui4DrSyUoOjNwaGlkU/B6USdaC/BGO7lI08HZU7FzutvXb1mKS+nUI7rKvSTN9NKUJF4MaBv9q40RViKkF9vbq2f1wMs2KUNc0ex2ZL+5BOBICJNHyVulKSxY54Z55L/H4FZmWw==";

var privateKey = await window.crypto.subtle.importKey("pkcs8", base64StringToArrayBuffer(privateKeyInPem), {name: "RSA-OAEP", hash: "SHA-256"}, true, ["decrypt"]);   
console.log(privateKey);

// Base64 encoded ciphertext from openssl pkeyutl
var cipher = "V2QWzwoOHPAlKhGqv0fDSv+lSPytBW4tTxVVJgneyvfIqTDvllhbZJzUAszdAC0IEow+YgbIWHyIBCw9YVS+EDZ3jbuIU97nx5NxAimiUFKvUmHE8p3oP6AP/etJhGQGC+fMiTbhmGn5FQhMnH/2lVei3yJypXWbgI6ONRmncYalq73q7VGelFUSubuPWQA3bKzuIOSorpQFy9sGIMDvW+YOMLrClVmUujVrEXrdsIbvzSb6hooKHbwjOaAmN4XRw0sr+YaF3n2PwazpLSvJmuugF26GxhmJAMmNViUvvsN+ycpJZdyRKNehQGqmahpC0XXihZ9dsHEH7vIDDmPAZQ==";
console.log('cipher: '+cipher)

// successfull decryption
var decrypted = await window.crypto.subtle.decrypt({name: "RSA-OAEP"}, privateKey, str2ab(window.atob(cipher)));
const dec = new TextDecoder();
console.log('DECRYPTED MSG:' + dec.decode(decrypted));

})();


function base64StringToArrayBuffer(base64String){
    return Uint8Array.from(window.atob(base64String), c => c.charCodeAt(0));
}

function str2ab(str) {
    const buf = new ArrayBuffer(str.length);
    const bufView = new Uint8Array(buf);
    for (let i = 0, strLen = str.length; i < strLen; i++) {
        bufView[i] = str.charCodeAt(i);
    }
    return buf;
}