无法使用内置的Series在时间戳上应用方法

Question

在以下系列中：

0    1411161507178
1    1411138436009
2    1411123732180
3    1411167606146
4    1411124780140
5    1411159331327
6    1411131745474
7    1411151831454
8    1411152487758
9    1411137160544
Name: my_series, dtype: int64

此命令（转换为时间戳，本地化并转换为EST）有效：

pd.to_datetime(my_series, unit='ms').apply(lambda x: x.tz_localize('UTC').tz_convert('US/Eastern'))

但是 这一次 失败：

pd.to_datetime(my_series, unit='ms').tz_localize('UTC').tz_convert('US/Eastern')

与：

TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-3-58187a4b60f8> in <module>()
----> 1 lua = pd.to_datetime(df[column], unit='ms').tz_localize('UTC').tz_convert('US/Eastern')

/Users/josh/anaconda/envs/py34/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pandas/core/generic.py in tz_localize(self, tz, axis, copy, infer_dst)
   3492                 ax_name = self._get_axis_name(axis)
   3493                 raise TypeError('%s is not a valid DatetimeIndex or PeriodIndex' %
-> 3494                                 ax_name)
   3495             else:
   3496                 ax = DatetimeIndex([],tz=tz)

TypeError: index is not a valid DatetimeIndex or PeriodIndex

所以做 这个 ：

my_series.tz_localize('UTC').tz_convert('US/Eastern')

与：

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-4-0a7cb1e94e1e> in <module>()
----> 1 lua = df[column].tz_localize('UTC').tz_convert('US/Eastern')

/Users/josh/anaconda/envs/py34/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pandas/core/generic.py in tz_localize(self, tz, axis, copy, infer_dst)
   3492                 ax_name = self._get_axis_name(axis)
   3493                 raise TypeError('%s is not a valid DatetimeIndex or PeriodIndex' %
-> 3494                                 ax_name)
   3495             else:
   3496                 ax = DatetimeIndex([],tz=tz)

TypeError: index is not a valid DatetimeIndex or PeriodIndex

据我了解，上面的第二种方法（第一种失败）应该起作用。为什么会失败？

Answer 1

tz_localize/tz_convert作用于对象的INDEX，而不作用于值。最简单地将其转换为索引然后进行本地化和转换。如果您随后想要系列，可以使用to_series()

In [47]: pd.DatetimeIndex(pd.to_datetime(s,unit='ms')).tz_localize('UTC').tz_convert('US/Eastern')
Out[47]: 
<class 'pandas.tseries.index.DatetimeIndex'>
[2014-09-19 17:18:27.178000-04:00, ..., 2014-09-19 10:32:40.544000-04:00]
Length: 10, Freq: None, Timezone: US/Eastern