如何将对象类型的实例“动态”转换为其特定数据类型？

Question

public Object foo(int opt){
  if (opt == 0) return new String();
  else if (opt == 1) return new Integer(1);
  else if (opt == 2) return new Double(1);
  else if ...
  .. and many more
}

public void doSomething(String s){..}
public void doSomething(Integer i){..}
public void doSomething(Double d){..}
... and many more doSomething method

public static void main(String[] args){
  ...
  Object o = foo(x); //x is a value obtained during runtime, e.g. from user input

  //now I want to call doSomething method
  // (1)
  if (o instanceof String) doSomething((String) o);
  else if (o instanceof Integer) doSomething((Integer) o);
  else if (o instanceof Double) doSomething((Double) o);
  ...
  // (2)
}

有没有更好的方法来简化由（1）…（2）括起来的语句？
Java Reflection有帮助吗？

Answer 1

高效，干净地处理此问题的最佳方法是让foo返回对象的holder类。

abstract class Holder<T> {
    private final T object;

    protected Holder(T object) { this.object = object; }
    public T get() { return object; }
    public abstract void doSomething();
}

public Holder foo(int opt) {
    if (opt == 0) return new Holder<String>("") {
        public void doSomething() { }
    };
    else if (opt == 1) return new Holder<Integer>(1) {
        public void doSomething() { }
    };
    else if (opt == 2) return new Holder<Double>(1.0) {
        public void doSomething() { }
    };
    // many more
}

public static void main(String... args) throws IOException {
    Holder h  = foo(x); //x is a value obtained during runtime, e.g. from user input

    //now I want to call doSomething method
    h.doSomething();
}