由Maven Shade插件构建的无效或损坏的JAR文件

易流觞

2023-03-14

问题内容：

在将Maven jFree依赖项添加到现有应用程序后，我将无法执行创建的jar。

我收到的唯一错误消息如下：

java -jar target/com.company.product-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar 
Error: Invalid or corrupt jarfile target/com. company.product-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar

完整的pom.xml外观如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion
<groupId>com.mycompany</groupId>
<artifactId>com.mycompany.test</artifactId>
<name>${project.artifactId}</name>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

<properties>
    <java-version>1.7</java-version>
    <org.springframework-version>3.1.1.RELEASE</org.springframework-version>
    <org.springframework.data-version>1.0.3.RELEASE</org.springframework.data-version>
    <org.springframework.ws-version>2.0.4.RELEASE</org.springframework.ws-version>
    <org.springframework.ws.oxm-version>1.5.10</org.springframework.ws.oxm-version>
    <org.aspectj-version>1.6.12</org.aspectj-version>
    <org.slf4j-version>1.5.10</org.slf4j-version>
    <selenium-java-version>2.25.0</selenium-java-version>
    <browser-mob-version>2.0-beta-6</browser-mob-version>
</properties>

<dependencies>

    <!-- Hint A: If we delete this dependency it works -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.jfree</groupId>
        <artifactId>jfreechart</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.14</version>
                    <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <artifactId>itext</artifactId>
                <groupId>com.lowagie</groupId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId>
        <artifactId>itextpdf</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>de.schlichtherle.io</groupId>
        <artifactId>truezip</artifactId>
        <version>6.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>apache-log4j-extras</artifactId>
        <version>1.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Caching with ehcache -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
        <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.2</version>
        <type>pom</type>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
        <exclusions>
            <!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j -->
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Hibernate -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate.java-persistence</groupId>
        <artifactId>jpa-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.0-cr-1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.1-Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Database Connectors (HSQL should be removed later) -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>hsqldb</groupId>
        <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
        <version>1.8.0.7</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- AspectJ -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
        <version>${org.aspectj-version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Logging -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- @Inject -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
        <version>1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring Data JPA dependencies -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework.data-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsr311-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.ws</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework.ws.oxm-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.ws</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-xml</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework.ws-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.ws</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-ws-core</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework.ws-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.xml</groupId>
        <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
        <version>2.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.xml</groupId>
        <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Test -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.7</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
        <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.0</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Common Utils -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
        <version>2.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-cli</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-cli</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Selenium -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
        <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
        <version>${selenium-java-version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
        <artifactId>selenium-firefox-driver</artifactId>
        <version>${selenium-java-version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
        <artifactId>selenium-chrome-driver</artifactId>
        <version>${selenium-java-version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- CSV Lib for Keyword Checker -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.sf.opencsv</groupId>
        <artifactId>opencsv</artifactId>
        <version>2.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Google Places API -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.api-client</groupId>
        <artifactId>google-api-client</artifactId>
        <version>1.10.3-beta</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.api-client</groupId>
        <artifactId>google-api-client-appengine</artifactId>
        <version>1.10.3-beta</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.9</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Google Geocode -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.code.geocoder-java</groupId>
        <artifactId>geocoder-java</artifactId>
        <version>0.9</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.googlecode.json-simple</groupId>
        <artifactId>json-simple</artifactId>
        <version>1.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.googlecode.json-simple</groupId>
        <artifactId>json-simple</artifactId>
        <version>1.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.sf.jgrapht</groupId>
        <artifactId>jgrapht</artifactId>
        <version>0.8.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>jgraph</groupId>
        <artifactId>jgraph</artifactId>
        <version>5.13.0.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Apache Http Client -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>4.2.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Amazon web services client -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.amazonaws</groupId>
        <artifactId>aws-java-sdk</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.15</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Docx4j - reading excel files  -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.docx4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>docx4j</artifactId>
        <version>2.8.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Browser Mob Proxy -->

    <dependency>
        <groupId>biz.neustar</groupId>
        <artifactId>browsermob-proxy</artifactId>
        <version>${browser-mob-version}</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
                <artifactId>selenium-api</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <artifactId>icu4j</artifactId>
                <groupId>com.ibm.icu</groupId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-jdk14</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Hint B: If we copy this Apache POI dependencies to the top, it works -->
    <!-- Apache POI - for reading xlsx files -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
        <version>3.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
        <version>3.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.xmlbeans</groupId>
        <artifactId>xmlbeans</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
        <version>1.1</version>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <source>${java-version}</source>
                <target>${java-version}</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>1.7</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>shade</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <transformers>

                            <!-- must be SURE to do this with both spring.handlers and spring.schemas. 
                                otherwise you won't be able to use them in the spring config files. -->
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
                            </transformer>

                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
                            </transformer>

                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                <mainClass>com.mycompany.test.Start</mainClass>
                            </transformer>
                        </transformers>

                        <filters>
                          <filter>
                            <artifact>bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15</artifact>
                            <excludes>
                              <exclude>META-INF/BCKEY.DSA</exclude>
                              <exclude>META-INF/BCKEY.SF</exclude>
                              <exclude>META-INF/MANIFEST.MF</exclude>
                            </excludes>
                          </filter>
                        </filters>

                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>

    </plugins>
</build>

如果执行jar，则不会得到其他任何调试信息。

是否可以验证jarfile？或有类似java -verbose…的东西？

重现步骤：

新建一个文件夹
从上方将Pom.xml复制到该文件夹中。
保存小的`public static void main（…）。进入src / main / java / com / mycompany / test / Start.java
执行 mvn clean package
执行 java -jar target/com.mycompany.test-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar

附件一：

package com.mycompany.test;


public class Start
{
    public static void main(final String[] args) 
    {
        System.out.println("If you are able to get this printed with java -jar you made it. Thanks a lot! :)");
    }
}

编辑1：

我开始删除一些依赖项以识别问题。但是我还不清楚什么地方出了问题。

现在我弄清楚了（请参阅pom.xml中的提示B），将Apache POI依赖项移到顶部将解决此问题。但是我仍然不知道如何解决问题以及问题出在哪里。

问题答案：

最后，如果我使用来构建您的项目，并向pom.xml您展示了apache-poiafter
jfreechart，则向我们展示了，那么正如您所提到的，我得到了一个损坏的JAR。交换这两个依赖关系的顺序确实可以为我提供正确的JAR。

我以前有一些关于的经验，maven-shade-plugin使用时遇到了创建的JAR META-INF目录的麻烦，因此我检查了其中的缺陷。

我试图将目录复制（使用Total Commander）在META-INF本地文件系统上的某个位置，并且我注意到在复制中的文件时出错META- INF/licences/。如果我尝试将它们分别复制到某个地方并且可以工作，但无法复制整个内容。我的结论是JAR / ZIP存档已损坏。

我所做的是我进入在Total Commander是JAR（Ctrl+ PgDown 以上的JAR文件），我改名
thirdpartylicenses.txt到thirdpartylicenses.txt.wtf。这样做，Total
Commander可以保存并重新打包JAR（我已经安装了Total7zip Total Commander Packer插件-
如果有人尝试过但不起作用，请尝试安装此插件）。

在这之后。有用。

（我也尝试过使用Cygwin的unzip/
zip命令重新打包整个内容而不重命名任何内容，但这没用，新的存档仍然损坏。TotalCommander或我提到的插件确实起到了一定的作用。）

我猜这maven-shade-plugin仅仅是创建一个损坏或无效的ZIP /
JAR存档。我不确定为什么，也许我所描述的内容不适用于其他任何人，但我想我会提到它，以便也许我可以提供帮助。

我不能只留下这个，所以我更深入地研究了，我想我找到了答案。

该坏 JAR包含65608个词条。在 良好的 JAR包含65450个词条。

猜猜一个普通
ZIP文件的条目数上限是多少？是的
Wiki文章谈到了克服此限制的ZIP64格式。

在 良好的
JAR少项，因为实际的依赖关系，因为在你的依赖声明的位置的改变pom.xml。

作为对Seanizer的commons-lang答案的反驳，如果您使用的是Google的Guava库（在许多方面，我认为它是commons-lang的“后继者”），则可以使用Joiner：

Joiner.on(" ").join(set_1);

借助一些辅助方法来执行以下操作：

Joiner.on(" ").skipNulls().join(set_1);
// If 2nd item was null, would produce "1, 3"

要么

Joiner.on(" ").useForNull("<unknown>").join(set_1);
// If 2nd item was null, would produce "1, <unknown>, 3"

它还支持直接附加到StringBuilders和Writers以及其他类似功能。

我已经数过像这样的条目。

Collections.list(new JarFile("...").entries()).size();

我使用的Java7似乎支持新的ZIP64html" target="_blank">格式，因此，如果有人尝试使用Java
5或6 来计算不良 JAR中的条目，则会收到错误消息（不过我不确定）。

我还试图运行JAR 爆炸。我已经将整个JAR解压缩到一个目录中，然后像这样运行整个程序。

java -cp <dir/ com.mycompany.test.Start

像魅力一样工作。

底线。不要 过度使用 了maven-shade-plugin。

我有一个正在工作的项目，在那里我要像这样构建我的项目。

我使用复制我项目的依赖项maven-dependency-plugin。签出copy-dependencies目标。target/dependency如果我没记错的话，这会将您的依赖项复制到其中。
使用maven-jar-pluginI 在插件配置中使用这些选项将这些依赖项MANIFEST.MF作为Class-Path条目添加到最终的JAR 中。

        <classpathPrefix>dependency/</classpathPrefix>
          <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>

因此，我将Class-Path输入dependency/<artifactId>-<version>.jar，等。

After this I’m using the maven-assembly-plugin to create a distribution ZIP which contains my final JAR and the whole dependency/ folder.
When I deploy my application I can run it like java -jar final.jar.

Primarily I’ve opted to use this solution, because in my project I use some
Bouncy Castle JARs which JARs have some extravagant this and that inside
their META-INF directory. When I used the maven-shade-plugin to create my
final runnable JAR all hell broke loose and I got nasty that method couldn’t
be found and this signature is not quite right errors.

You should be doing something like this also. This Maven shade business is too
shady to be useful (pun intended).

Here’s a blog post on the whole process that I’ve tried to
describe just above (thanks to
baba), maybe it’ll help someone
in the future.

由Maven Shade插件构建的无效或损坏的JAR文件

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