如何配置Logback以将记录器的不同级别记录到不同的目的地？

Question

如何配置Logback以将记录器的不同级别记录到不同的目的地？

例如，给定以下Logback配置，Logback会将INFO消息记录到STDOUT并将ERROR消息记录到STDERR吗？

（请注意，此示例是第3章：Logback配置中logback- examples/src/main/java/chapters/configuration/sample4.xml所示示例的变形）。

<configuration>
  <appender name="STDOUT"
   class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
   <encoder>
     <pattern>
        %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
      </pattern>
    </encoder>
  </appender>
  <appender name="STDERR"
   class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
   <encoder>
     <pattern>
        %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
      </pattern>
    </encoder>
    <target>System.err</target>
  </appender>
  <!-- What is the effective level of "chapters.configuration"? -->
  <logger name="chapters.configuration" level="INFO" additivity="false">
    <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
  </logger>
  <logger name="chapters.configuration" level="ERROR" additivity="false">
    <appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
  </logger>

  <!-- turn OFF all logging (children can override) -->
  <root level="OFF">
    <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
  </root>
</configuration>

Answer 1

更新：有关使用Groovy的基于所有配置的方法，请参见DeanHiller的答案。

好的，这是我最喜欢的xml方法。我为Eclipse版本执行此操作，因此我可以

单击内容将我带到日志语句，然后
参见信息，以下为黑色，警告/严重为红色
由于某种原因，SO不能正确显示所有内容，但大多数似乎都在那…

<configurathtml" target="_blank">ion scan="true" scanPeriod="30 seconds">

    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">      
          <evaluator class="ch.qos.logback.classic.boolex.GEventEvaluator"> 
            <expression>
               e.level.toInt() &lt;= INFO.toInt()
            </expression>
          </evaluator>
          <OnMismatch>DENY</OnMismatch>
          <OnMatch>NEUTRAL</OnMatch>
        </filter>

        <encoder>
            <pattern>%date{ISO8601} %X{sessionid}-%X{user} %caller{1} %-4level: %message%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter"> 
            <level>warn</level>
        </filter>

        <encoder>
            <pattern>%date{ISO8601} %X{sessionid}-%X{user} %caller{1} %-4level: %message%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
        <target>System.err</target>
    </appender>

    <root>
        <level value="INFO" />
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>
        <appender-ref ref="STDERR"/>
    </root>
</configuration>

您可以使用Logback过滤器做一些有趣的事情。以下配置仅将警告和错误消息打印到stderr，其他所有内容打印到stdout。

logback.xml

<appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
  <target>System.out</target>
  <filter class="com.foo.StdOutFilter" />
   ...
</appender>

<appender name="stderr" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
  <target>System.err</target>
  <filter class="com.foo.ErrOutFilter" />
   ...
</appender>

<logger name="mylogger" level="debug">
    <appender-ref ref="stdout" />
    <appender-ref ref="stderr" />
</logger>

com.foo.StdOutFilter

public class StdOutFilter extends ch.qos.logback.core.filter.AbstractMatcherFilter
{

    @Override
    public FilterReply decide(Object event)
    {
        if (!isStarted())
        {
            return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
        }

        LoggingEvent loggingEvent = (LoggingEvent) event;

        List<Level> eventsToKeep = Arrays.asList(Level.TRACE, Level.DEBUG, Level.INFO);
        if (eventsToKeep.contains(loggingEvent.getLevel()))
        {
            return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
        }
        else
        {
            return FilterReply.DENY;
        }
    }

}

com.foo.ErrOutFilter

public class ErrOutFilter extends ch.qos.logback.core.filter.AbstractMatcherFilter
{

    @Override
    public FilterReply decide(Object event)
    {
        if (!isStarted())
        {
            return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
        }

        LoggingEvent loggingEvent = (LoggingEvent) event;

        List<Level> eventsToKeep = Arrays.asList(Level.WARN, Level.ERROR);
        if (eventsToKeep.contains(loggingEvent.getLevel()))
        {
            return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
        }
        else
        {
            return FilterReply.DENY;
        }
    }

}